The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Political History of the State of New York (Index), by DeAlva Stanwood Alexander.

The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Political History of the State of New York, Volumes 1-3

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Title: A Political History of the State of New York, Volumes 1-3

Author: De Alva Stanwood Alexander

Release date: September 12, 2007 [eBook #22591]
Most recently updated: May 4, 2023

Language: English

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, VOLUMES 1-3 ***

A POLITICAL HISTORY

OF THE

STATE OF NEW YORK


BY

DeALVA STANWOOD ALEXANDER, A.M., LL.D.

Member of Congress, Formerly United States Attorney
for the Northern District of New York



NEW YORK
HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY
1906 and 1909


MAIN CONTENTS


INDEX TO VOLUMES I-III


Abolitionists, denounced by press, ii. 9;
by meetings, 10;
influence of, 1838, 25;
1844, 82;
rapidly increasing strength, 89;
unite with Hunkers and Barnburners, 1849, 150;
separate nominations, 1850, 156;
election of Smith to Congress, 179;
nomination of Douglass for sec. of state, 216;
favour peaceable secession, 336.

Adams, Charles Francis, choice for President of Lib. Rep. leaders, iii. 282;
defeated, 285.

Adams-Jackson campaign, resembled that of Blaine-Cleveland, i. 367-8.

Adams, John, cautioned not to speak of independence, i. 2;
on Jay's state constitution, 8;
suggests council of appointment, 8;
anxiety to have his son President, 240.

Adams, John Quincy, unpopularity of, i. 358;
an anti-mason, 361;
scene when elected President, 343;
action of Van Rensselaer, 343.

Administration Whigs, followers of Fillmore, ii. 157;
unite with Dems. for Seymour's election, 1850, 157.

Albany, political centre, i. 375.

Albany Argus, on Clinton's loss of canal patronage, i. 261;
paper of Edwin Croswell, 294;
Seward's "forty million debt," ii. 35;
on secession, 346.

Albany Evening Journal, established March, 1830, i. 374;
Thurlow Weed its first editor, 374;
salary of, 374;
largest circulation in U.S., 375.

Albany Regency, when established, i. 293-4;
original members of, 293-4;
other members, 294;
Thurlow Weed on, 294;
supports Crawford, 1824, 324;
removes Clinton from canal com., 328;
influence ended, ii. 53.

Albany Register, attacks Burr, i. 123.

Alberger, Franklin A., candidate for canal com., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29;
renominated, 1864, 117, note;
elected, 125.

Alien and Sedition Acts, overthrow Federal party, i. 84;
approved by Jay, 85;
Adams responsible for, 88.

Allen, Peter, treatment of Fellows, i. 256.

Allen, William F., Richmond's choice for gov., 1864, iii. 117;
nominated for comp., 1869, 226;
elected, 227.

Alvord, Thomas G., the Onondaga Chief, Speaker of Assembly, iii. 22;
ch'm. People's Union con., 22;
elected to Assembly, 29;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1864, 117, note;
elected, 125.

"Amens," The, cradle of, iii. 58.

American Citizen and Watchtower, controlled by Clinton, i. 122;
edited by Cheetham, 122;
attack on Burr, 122-3.

American Colonization Society, history of, ii. 7;
forms republic of Liberia, 8.

American party, see Native American party.

Anderson, Robert H., nominated for prison insp., 1876, iii. 346;
defeated, 350.

Andrew, John A., gov. of Massachusetts, i. 274;
Tompkins compared to, 274;
opinion of Brown, ii. 269.

Andrews, Charles, nominated for chief judge Court of Appeals, 1882, iii. 494;
defeated, 498.

Anti-Federalists, organisation of, i. 38;
in majority, 38;
elect gov., 1789, 44;
also, 1792, 56;
defeated, 1795, 65;
1798, 82;
become known as Republicans, 80.

"Anti-Jackson," "Anti-Mortgage," "Anti-Regency" factions unite as Whigs, i. 399.

Anti-Masons, bolted Thompson in 1828, i. 363;
nominated Granger, 363;
substituted Southwick, 364;
ticket defeated, 368;
issues of, broadened, 376;
nominated Granger, 1830, 376;
defeat of, 377;
nominated Wirt for President, 1832, 392;
in accord with National Republicans, 392;
nominated Granger, 1832, 393;
electoral ticket of, 393;
reason for defeat, 396;
party dissolved, 398;
become Whigs, 399.

Anti-Masonry, becomes political, i. 360;
excitement, 360;
confined to western half of state, 360;
Van Buren on, 365;
semi-religious, 370;
sudden reaction, 398;
popularity of Free-Masonry, 398.

Anti-Nebraska convention, ii. 194;
prominent men present, 194;
reassembles, 201;
forerunner of Republican party, 194.

Anti-Rent party, organisation of, ii. 82-3;
contest over constitutional convention, 97;
support Young for gov., 118-9;
influence of, 1848, 139.

Anti-Tammany organisations, 1871, iii. 268;
names and strength, 268, note;
unwilling to accept Kelly, 299.

Apollo Hall, organisation of, iii. 308;
combination with, rejected by Tam., 308;
accepted by Reps., 308.

Arbitrary arrests, opposition to, iii. 19, 20, 47, 58.

"Aristides," nom de plume of William P. Van Ness, i. 123-6.

Armstrong, Cornelius W., nominated for canal com., 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135.

Armstrong, John, author of Newburgh Letters, i. 89;
opposes Alien-Sedition laws, 89;
brother-in-law of Chancellor Livingston, 116;
elected to U.S. Senate, 116;
resigned, 118;
minister to France, 150;
opposes Clinton, 204;
changed views, 204;
Tompkins jealous of, 216;
character and career of, 216;
sec. of war, 216, 222;
Spencer, a friend of, 216;
plan of Canada campaign, 222;
failure of, 223;
puts Wilkinson in command, 223;
plans again fail, 224-5;
promotes Brown and Scott, 225;
resigns in disgrace, 227;
Madison's dislike of, 238.

Arthur, Chester A., early career and character, iii. 399-402;
becomes collector of port, 1871, 399;
his successor appointed, 1877, 399;
reasons for, 399, 402;
successor defeated, 404-5;
President suspends him, 1878, 406;
reason for, 406, 408;
his defence, 408;
successor confirmed, 409;
name suggested for Vice-President, 1880, 444;
will not listen to Conkling's objection, 444;
Conkling refuses to present name to Nat. con., 444;
Woodford presents it, 444;
nominated on first ballot, 445;
people's reception of nomination, 445;
Sherman indignant, 445, note;
Mrs. Blaine's opinion of, 446;
career a study of evolution of character, 446;
supports Crowley for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465;
tries to compromise Robertson's appointment, 1881, 472;
becomes President, 1881, 485;
confidence expressed in, 485;
appointments favourably received, 486;
defeats Cornell's renomination, 1882, 493;
disastrous result, 498.

Assembly, Provincial, refuses to approve proceedings of Congress, i. 4.

Assembly, State, original membership of, i. 9;
election of, 9;
how apportioned, 9;
powers of, 9;
elected by, 9.

Astor, John Jacob, approves books of Tammany's city comptroller, 1870, iii. 245.

Astor, William B., contribution to fusion ticket, ii. 332.

Auburn, gloom over Seward's defeat, ii. 290-1, note.


Babcock, George R., declines nomination for state comp., 1875, iii. 325.

Bacon, Ezekiel, in constitutional convention, 1846, ii. 103.

Bacon, Theodore, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 284;
attends its Nat. con., 284;
denounces Fenton's scheme, 284.

Bacon, William J., congressman from Oneida district, iii. 385;
supports President Hayes, 385;
speech for, 385.

Bailey, B. Prentiss, Utica Observer, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Bailey, Theodorus, urged for appointment, i. 121;
Clinton's agent, 152;
elected to U.S. Senate, 156.

Balcom, Ransom, reputation as a judge, iii. 166;
aspires to U.S. Senate, 1865, 166.

Ballard, Horatio, nominated for sec. of state, 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29.

Baltimore convention, 1860, ii. 294-303;
Seymour strengthened, 294;
New York in control, 294, note;
seceding delegations wish to return, 295;
bitter debate, 296-7;
New York admits contestants, 300;
states secede, 300;
Soule's speech, 300-1;
Douglas nominated, 302;
Fitzpatrick nominated for Vice-President, 302;
Johnson substituted, 302.

Baltimore Union Convention, 1864, iii. 93-5;
its platform and nominees, 94.

Banks, Republicans opposed to, i. 186;
Hamilton secures charters, 186;
clever trick of Burr, 187;
State Bank of Albany, 187;
Merchants' Bank of New York, 189;
Bank of America, 191;
charter granted, 197.

Bank of Albany, incorporation of, i. 186.

Bank of America of New York, incorporation of, i. 191;
inducements for, 191.

Bank of Columbia at Hudson, incorporation of, i. 186.

Bank of New York, incorporation of, i. 186.

Barker, George P., at.-gen., ii. 52.

Barkley, Alexander, nominated for canal com., 1868, iii. 196;
defeated, 215;
renominated, 1870, 238;
defeated, 244;
renominated, 1871, 264;
elected, 275.

Barlow, Francis C., record as a soldier, iii. 129;
nominated for sec. of state, 1865, 130;
elected, 135;
not renominated, 1867, 174;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1871, 264;
elected, 275;
fine record of, 307;
dropped as atty.-gen., 1873, 307.

Barnard, David, popular anti-masonic preacher, i. 370.

Barnard, George G., Tweed's trusted judge, iii. 177;
foppish dress, 177;
appearance of, 177;
begins 1857 as recorder, 177;
advanced to Sup. Court, 1860, 177;
part in election frauds, 1868, 216;
fraudulent naturalisations, 216-8;
exposure, 246;
impeached, 248;
death, 248.

Barnburners, Dem. faction, ii. 126;
why so called, 126;
leaders of, 126-7;
hostility to Hunkers, 127;
secede from Dem. con., 1847, 127;
withdraw from Baltimore con., 130;
hold Utica con., 131;
nominate Van Buren for President, 131;
two factions of, 131;
leading members, 131;
Buffalo con., 1848, 132;
indorsed Van Buren for President, 133;
Webster's pun, 133;
nominated Dix for gov., 133;
Seymour unites them with Hunkers, 149;
nominated Seymour for gov., 1850, 156;
defeated, 158;
support Marcy for President, 1852, 169-72;
support Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 169-78;
succeed, 178;
Hunkers secede, 1853, 180-5;
nominate separate ticket, 184;
approved canal amendment, 184;
called Softshells or Softs, 185;
see Softs.

Barney, Hiram C., appointed collector of port of New York, ii. 390;
choice of Lincoln, 390-6;
mysterious influence in favour of, 393;
career of, 395;
crippled Weed machine, 395-6;
Lincoln plans to transfer him, iii. 85;
sustained by Chase, 85;
unsatisfactory collector, 85;
Lincoln promises Weed to remove him, 87;
Draper appointed in his place, 97.

Barnum, Henry W., record as a soldier, iii. 129;
nominated for prison insp., 1865, 130;
elected, 135;
renominated, 1867, 196;
defeated, 215.

Barstow, Gamaliel H., cand. for lt.-gov., 1836, ii. 12;
career of, 13;
defeated, 14;
state treas., 18;
withdraws from politics, 38.

Bascom, Oliver, nominated for canal com., 1868, iii. 207;
elected, 215.

Bates, James K., nominated for prison insp., 1863, iii. 76;
elected, 83.

Bayard, James A., cand. in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289, note;
attitude toward Tilden, 354.

Beach, Allen C., nominated for lt.-gov., 1868, iii. 207;
elected, 215;
renominated, 231;
elected, 244;
aspires to be gov., 1872, 297;
nominated for sec. of state, 1877, 384;
vigorously opposed in campaign, 387;
elected, 387;
renominated, 1879, 424;
defeated, 427.

Beach, John H., Seward's reliance upon, ii. 34.

Beale, Charles L., in Congress, ii. 339, note;
disapproved Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Beardsley, Samuel, leads Dem. forces in Congress, ii. 1;
heads mob against anti-slavery meeting, 6;
character of, 53.

Beauregard, Pierre T., at Charleston, S.C., iii. 2;
reduces Fort Sumter, 3;
at Bull Run, 11.

Beebe, George M., strong supporter of Tammany, iii. 383.

Beecher's Bibles, Sharpe's rifles, ii. 224.

Beecher, Henry Ward, active against repeal of Missouri compromise, ii. 193;
in campaign, 1860, 240;
political sermons of, 329;
indifference to secession, 334;
peaceable secession, 336.

Resents Lincoln's relations with Conservatives, iii. 90;
forsakes Johnson, 163;
denounces his vicious course, 163;
supports Rep. ticket, 163;
on Cornell's defeat, 1882, 495.

Beekman, John P., ambitious to be gov., ii. 172-3.

Belmont, August, at Charleston convention, ii. 272;
approves Weed's compromise, 338, 341;
del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, iii. 101;
1872, 287;
Ch'm. of nat. ex. com., 287.

Belmont, Perry, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488.

Bemis, Horace, threatens to bolt leg. caucus, iii. 53, note.

Bennett, James Gordon, editor of N.Y. Herald, iii. 36;
contest with Greeley, 36;
favours Dix for gov., 42.

Benson, Egbert, atty.-gen., i. 16;
at Hartford con., 28;
at Annapolis, 29;
in Legislature, 33;
action on Federal Constitution, 33;
elected to Congress, 44;
appointed to Supreme Court, 61.

Benton, Thomas H., on Van Buren's conscription law, i. 232;
on Van Buren's rejection as minister, 389.

Betts, Samuel R., appointed to Supreme Court, i. 322.

Bigelow, John, ch'm. of Tilden's canal com., 1875, iii. 323;
declines Rep. nomination for state comp., 1874, 325;
accepts Dem. nomination for sec. of state, 1874, 326;
elected, 331;
Tilden's spokesman at Nat. con., 1876, 342;
bitterly opposed for renomination as sec. of state, 380;
defeated, 384.

Birdsall, John, on Supreme Court, i. 348;
induced to leave Anti-Masons, 397.

Birdsall, John, State senator, iii. 437;
declares he will vote for Blaine, 1880, 437.

Black, Jeremiah S., cand. in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289, note.

Blaine, James G., oratorical castigation of Conkling, iii. 168;
supported by Robertson, 1876, 335;
thought Dems. lacked firmness, 1877, 355;
why Dems. favoured Electoral Com., 355;
supports Conkling in contest to remove Arthur and Cornell, 405;
a striking tableau, 405-6;
again supports Conkling, 410;
name loudly applauded in state con., 1880, 433;
resented by Conkling, 433;
gets eighteen votes from N.Y., 1880, 441;
part in Robertson's appointment, 469-71;
Conkling's lack of confidence in, 471;
influence in Cornell's councils, 1882, 492.

Blair, Montgomery, letter to Welles, ii. 192.

Blatchford, Richard M., approved Weed's compromise, ii. 338;
acts as agent for the Government, iii. 7;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
thought Morgan's backbone missing, 222.

Blatchford, Samuel, law partner of Seward, ii. 165;
defeated for Supreme Court, 165.

Bliss, Archibald M., attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296.

Bostwick, William L., nominated for state treas., 1877, iii. 377;
defeated, 387.

Bouck, William C., compared with Young, ii. 53;
named for gov., 1840, 54;
defeated, 54;
renominated, 1842, 54;
elected, 55;
canal policy, 56;
nepotism of, 57;
defeated for renomination, 77-8;
in constitutional con., 1846, 103;
appointed sub-treas., 119;
reasons for it, 119, 123.

Boutwell, George S., compliments Weed, iii. 58;
about Robertson's election, 1881, 469-70.

Bowles, Samuel J., on Weed as a manager, ii. 283.

Bradford, George P., delegate to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296.

Bradish, Luther, speaker of Assembly, ii. 18;
defeated for nomination for gov., 1838, 19-21;
nominated for lt.-gov., 21;
nominated for gov., 1842, 51;
defeated, 55.

Bradley, George B., nominated for Court of Appeals, 1878, iii. 393;
defeated, 397.

Brady, James T., in campaign of 1852, ii. 178;
nominated for atty.-gen. by Hunkers, 183;
nominated for gov. by Hards, 325;
popularity of, 325;
defeat of, 333;
delegate to seceding states, 351-2.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4;
tendered nomination for mayor, 1861, 30;
refused it, 30;
loyalty of, 59;
addresses to Union League, 1863, 59;
declines state comptrollership, 1863, 74;
active in campaign, 1867, 186.

Bribery, in chartering Albany State Bank, i. 186-7;
Purdy charged with, 190;
Thomas and Southwick indicted and acquitted, 191-4.

Bristol, Wheeler H., nominated for state treas., 1869, iii. 226;
elected, 227;
renominated, 1871, 273;
defeated, 275.

Brockway, Beman, Watertown Times, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Bronson, Greene C., appointed atty.-gen., i. 383;
character and career of, 383-4; ii. 196;
declines to support Softs, 186;
removed as collector, 187;
Greeley on, 187, 189;
nominated for gov. by Hards, 196;
inconsistency of, 196;
at peace congress, 350;
stands with Lincoln, iii. 15.

Brooks, Erastus, nominated for gov., ii. 238;
early career of, 238;
N.Y. Express, conspicuous as an editor, iii. 420.

Brooks, James, founded N.Y. Express, ii. 238;
early career of, 238;
forces nomination of Seymour, iii. 38;
controls Cons. Union con., 1863, 79;
connection with Crédit Mobilier, 309, note;
death, 309, note;
a leading Dem. editor, 420.

Broome, John, candidate for lt.-gov., 1804, i. 129;
death and career of, 180.

Brouck, Francis C., nominated for state treas., 1861, iii. 21, note;
declined to accept, 24.

Brown, D.D.S., attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296.

Brown, Jacob, valour at Sackett's Harbour, i. 223;
promoted, 225;
character and career of, 225;
on Niagara frontier, 226;
brilliant leadership, 227.

Brown, John, raid of, ii. 259;
career of, 259-60;
Douglas on, 260;
Emerson on, 260;
Thoreau on, 260;
Longfellow on, 260;
Lincoln on, 264;
Seward on, 266-7;
Andrew on, 269.

Brown, John W., nominated for judge Court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135.

Brown University, William L. Marcy, graduate of, i. 292.

Bruce, Benjamin F., candidate for canal com., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29;
renominated, 1863, 76;
elected, 83.

Bryant, William Cullen, in campaign of 1844, ii. 84;
original Barnburner, 131;
supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177;
theory of, 177, note;
active in campaign of 1856, 240;
meets Lincoln, 266;
ch'm. of Lincoln meeting, 263;
opposes Seward for President, 285;
elector-at-large, 328;
opposes Seward for sec. of state, 394.

Favours postponing Nat. Rep. Con., 1864, iii. 88;
resents Lincoln's relations with Seward and Weed, 90;
denounces expulsion of Louisiana legislators, 328.

Buchanan, James, nominated for President, ii. 228;
supported by Hards, 227-8;
Softs forced to vote for, 227-8;
criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Bucktails, followers of Van Buren, i. 251;
origin of name, 251.

Bucktails and Clintonians, 1820, two opposing parties, i. 273.

Buel, Jesse, cand. for gov., 1836, ii. 12;
career and gifts of, 12;
defeated, 13.

Buffalo, burned by British, i. 224;
Clinton predicts its great growth, 243.

Bull Run, battle of, iii. 11-12;
Scott did not approve, 11;
Lincoln favoured it, 11;
urged by the N.Y. Tribune, 11.

Burr, Aaron, with Arnold at Quebec, i. 5;
supports Yates for gov., 43;
atty.-gen., 45;
early career, 45;
his character, 45;
first meeting with Hamilton, 45-6;
opinion of Washington, 46;
legend as to Hamilton and, 46;
atty.-gen., 46-7;
elected to U.S. Senate, 49;
ambitious to be gov., 50;
checked by Clinton and Hamilton, 50;
non-attention to public business, 55;
referee in Clinton-Jay contest, 57;
undertakes to carry New York, 89;
skilful methods of, 90;
meets Hamilton at the polls, 91;
courtesy of, 91;
style of speaking, 91;
Root's opinion of, 91;
party triumphant, 91;
cand. for Vice-President, 98;
the tie vote, 98;
favours Jefferson's election, 98;
supported by Federalists, 98-9;
silent as to result, 102;
Van Ness, as a go-between, 103;
deceived by Edward Livingston, 103;
defeated for President, 104;
elected Vice-President, 104;
eulogised by Jefferson, 104;
sudden change toward, 105;
personal appearance, 106;
president constitutional con., 115;
helped Clinton's control, 115-6;
Clinton's dislike of, 116;
Clinton determines to destroy him, 116;
friends without an office, 119;
turns against Jefferson and Clinton, 121-2;
silence under attack, 123;
"Aristides'" defence of, 123;
nominated for gov., 1804, 131;
hopeless race from start, 131;
Hamilton's reasons for opposing, 133-5;
leader of secession, 134-5;
Lansing's withdrawal, 136;
reasons for election, 137;
powerful friends, 138;
defeated, 138;
challenged Hamilton, 139-40;
hostile meeting, 142;
death of Hamilton, 142;
indicted for murder, 144;
later career, 144-5;
character, 145;
unnatural parent, 146;
connection with Tam., 182;
clever trick to charter bank, 187.

Burrows, Lorenzo, nominated for gov. by Americans, ii. 249;
character of, 249;
defeated, 255;
manager Cons. state con., 1863, iii. 79, note.

Burt, James, in Council of Appointment, i. 156.

Burt, Silas W., appointed surveyor, port of New York, iii. 406;
confirmed, 409.

Butler, Benjamin F., district attorney, i. 289;
gifts, character, and career of, 289-94;
appearance of, 289;
relations with Talcott, 291;
law partner of Van Buren, 291;
member of Albany Regency, 293-4;
death of, 294;
sent to Assembly, 358.

U.S. atty.-gen., ii. 1;
practising law, 53;
at Baltimore con., 70-3;
declines to be sec. of war, 94;
a Barnburner, 120;
at Utica con., 131.

Butler, William Allen, son of Benjamin F., eulogy of Van Buren, i. 208.


Cady, Daniel, gifts and character of, i. 169;
career of, 169;
father of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 169;
assails embargo, 169.

Cagger, Peter, at Charleston con., ii. 272;
opposes Union State con., iii. 15;
draft-circular, 82.

Calhoun, John C., resembled John C. Spencer, i. 264;
Clinton on, 386, note;
opposes Van Buren, 387.

Callicot, Timothy, proposition to Depew, iii. 53;
elected speaker of Assembly, 54.

Cambreling, Churchill C., leads Dem. forces in Congress, ii. 1;
in constitutional con., 1846, 103;
minister to Russia, 103;
a Barnburner, 128;
at Utica con., 131;
supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177.

Cameron, Simon, promised place in Lincoln's cabinet, ii. 288.

Campaign speeches, 1860, ii. 329.

Campbell, Allan, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488, note;
ostensible choice of County Democracy, 489;
supported by Reps. for mayor of N.Y., 1882, 498;
character and ability, 498;
defeated, 498.

Canadian rebellion, history of, ii. 23-4.

Canal Ring, defeats Barlow for atty.-gen., 1873, iii. 307;
opposes Tilden for gov., 1874, 311;
members of it, 312;
exposed and crushed, 322-4.

Canal work and fraud, see Erie Canal.

Cannon, Joseph G., respecting Greeley and Lincoln, iii. 126, note.

Cantine, Moses I., brother-in-law of Van Buren, i. 251;
opposed Clinton and Erie canal, 251.

Caroline, steamer in Canadian rebellion, ii. 24.

Carpenter, B. Platt, nominated for lt.-gov., 1882, iii. 494;
defeated, 498.

Carr, Joseph B., nominated for sec. of state, 1879, iii. 416;
elected, 427;
renominated for sec. of state, 1881, 485;
elected, 486.

Carroll, Howard, named for congressman-at-large, 1882, iii. 494;
defeated, 498.

Carter, Luther C., in Congress, ii. 339, note;
disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Carver, Joseph, predicts inland waterway in New York, i. 241.

Cassidy, William, Albany Argus, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Castle Garden meeting, to unite Fillmore Whigs and Democrats, ii. 157.

Champlain, Marshal M., nominated for atty.-gen., 1861, iii. 24, note;
defeated, 29;
renominated, 1869, 226;
elected, 227;
renominated, 1871, 273;
defeated, 275.

Chandler, Zachariah, resented Lincoln's relations with Seward and Weed, iii. 89.

Chapin, Edwin H., political sermons of, ii. 329.

Chaplin, William L., nominated for gov. by Abolitionists, 1850, ii. 156.

Chapman, George W., nominated for canal com., 1870, iii. 231;
elected, 244;
renominated, 273;
defeated, 275.

Charleston convention, 1860, ii. 270-9;
Softs admitted, 270;
N.Y. delegation, 271-2;
Richmond's leadership, 271-9;
struggle over platform, 273-5;
bitter debates, 273-6;
states secede, 275;
South against Douglas and Guthrie, 276;
adjourned to Baltimore, 279;
see Baltimore convention.

Charleston Mercury, resents action of Northern Dems., iii. 10.

Chase, Salmon P., chief of radicals in cabinet, iii. 14;
resigns, 84;
consents to remain, 84;
threatens to resign, 86;
resigns, 1864, 96;
Lincoln's tart acceptance, 97;
leads movement to substitute another cand. for Lincoln, 103;
aspires to be President, 1868, 197;
favoured by Seymour, 198;
gets few votes, 199;
several Lib. Reps. favour him, 1872, 282;
defeated, 286.

Chatfield, Thomas S., nominated for state treas., 1869, iii. 226;
defeated, 227.

Cheetham, James, editor of American Citizen, i. 122;
attacked Burr, 122-3;
assailed by Van Ness, 126;
challenged Coleman, 128;
assailed Burr, 1804, 137;
opposed embargo, 165;
expelled from Tam., 182;
death of, 182.

Cheever, George B., tours England in behalf of the Union, iii. 90;
resents Lincoln's relations with Conservatives, 90;
signs call for Cleveland con., 90;
denounces policy of Administration, 90.

Chicago convention, 1860, ii. 281-93;
prototype of modern con., 281;
Greeley on, 281;
ch'm. and platform of, 282;
influence of cheering, 288;
Lincoln nominated on third ballot, 289;
Evarts moved to make unanimous, 289;
Hamlin nominated for Vice-President, 289.

Church, Sanford E., elected to Assembly, 1841, ii. 47;
original Barnburner, 131;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1850, 156;
at Charleston con., 272;
temp. ch'm. Dem. state peace con., 354.

Opposes Union State con., 1861, iii. 15;
favoured for gov., 1862, 39;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
delegate-at-large, 144;
adjourns con. to defeat Dix, 158;
audacious act, 158;
abject apology, 158;
elected chief judge Ct. of Appeals, 234, note;
aspires to be gov., 1872, 297;
defeated by Tilden, 298;
ambitious to be gov., 1874, 311;
associated with canal ring, 312-3.

Churchill, John C., nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 377;
defeated, 387;
aspired to be state comp., 1879, 417;
defeated, 417.

Cipher dispatches, iii. 350-1, note;
translated by Tribune, 394;
publication of, 395;
influence on Tilden, 395.

Cisco, John J., sympathy with the South, iii. 4.

Civil service reform, first effort of Fed. Gov., iii. 360;
Curtis heads Com., 360;
Hayes' efforts to establish it, 360;
opposition to, 361, 365.

Civil war, sec. of treas. predicts, ii. 332;
Reps. might have prevented, 342;
gov.'s message, 348;
petitions for peace, 349;
action of N.Y. Chamber of Commerce, 349;
of Legislature, 349;
delegates to peace congress, 350;
detention of guns, 351;
delegates sent to secession states, 351-2;
Dix's dispatch, 352;
state con. of fusionists, 354-8;
Conkling on, 357, note.

Clark, Gaylord J., nominated for prison insp., 1862, iii. 41, note;
elected, 51.

Clark, Israel W., Albany Register, i. 262;
friend of Erie canal, 262.

Clark, Myron H., nom. for gov., 1854, ii. 199;
career and character of, 199;
Weed opposed nomination for gov., 199;
elected, 203;
not renominated, 234.

Temperance cand. for gov., 1870, iii. 244;
defeated, 244, note;
renominated, 1874, 316;
defeated, 319.

Clay, Henry, aids in rejection of Van Buren, i. 387;
United States Bank, 393;
defeat, 1840, ii. 40;
anger of friends, 40.

Clay party, organised, 1831, i. 392;
nominated Henry Clay for President, 1832, 392.

Cleveland convention, 1864, iii. 92.

Cleveland, Grover, presented for gov., 1882, iii. 490;
career and character, 490;
County Democracy's influence, 490;
nominated on third ballot, 491;
appearance, 492;
his sturdy rectitude, 492;
letter of acceptance, 497;
enormous majority, 498;
known as the "Veto Mayor," 499.

Clews, Henry, recommends Murphy's appointment, iii. 233;
presents Dix for gov., 1872, 294.

Clinton, DeWitt, forces election of Council of Appointment, i. 107;
controls it, 107;
early career of, 108;
appearance and character, 108-9;
breaks with Jay, 110;
adds to authority of Council, 115;
prototype of political boss, 115, 119;
destroys Burr, 116, 119;
patronage to the Livingstons, 115;
elected to U.S. Senate, 118;
resigns, 119;
becomes mayor, 118;
with Jefferson against Burr, 121;
attacks Burr through press, 122;
assailed by Van Ness, 125-6;
challenged by Swartwout, 127;
wounds him, 127;
regrets it was not Burr, 127;
too young for gov., 1804, 136;
opposes Lewis' administration, 149-51;
bargains with the Burrites, 152;
hostility of Martling Men, 152;
three offices and salaries, 153;
opposed by W.W. Van Ness, 153;
removed from mayoralty, 155;
selects Tompkins for gov., 158;
contrasted to Tompkins, 160-1;
opposes embargo, 165, 168, 171;
changes opinion, 165;
reappointed mayor, 165;
urges uncle for President, 166-7;
series of mistakes, 167;
approves Madison's and Tompkins' administrations, 168;
assails Federalists, 168;
removed as mayor, 172-3;
reappointed, 179;
hostility of Tam., 180-5;
nominated lt.-gov., 181;
lavish style of living, 183;
wealth of wife, 183;
income as mayor, 183;
Irish friends, 183;
lack of tact, 184;
ready to defeat Tompkins, 184;
desertion of friends, 184-5;
elected lt.-gov., 185;
opposes charter of Merchants' Bank, 189;
silent as to Bank of America, 196;
estrangement of Spencer, 197;
seeks nomination for President, 199;
fitness for, 200;
nominated by Legislature, 201;
opposition to, 201-2;
Granger supports, 202;
opposed by Tompkins, 201;
by Rufus King, 203-6;
supported by Federalists, 204-8;
campaign managed by Van Buren, 206-10;
defeated for President, 210;
reasons for, 210;
King's election to U.S. Senate, 211-2;
not renominated for lt.-gov., 212;
attacks Tompkins and Taylor, 213;
retains mayoralty, 213;
Riker his enemy, 218;
refused a command in War of 1812, 221;
patriotic devotion, 221;
removed from the mayoralty, 235;
record as mayor, 235;
canal com., 242-3;
early efforts as, 243;
in retirement, 243;
begins correspondence with Post, 243;
plan for canal, 244;
heads new commission, 245;
friendship with Spencer renewed, 245;
brother-in-law of Spencer, 245;
cand. for gov., 245;
reports on cost of canals, 246-7;
supported by Federalists for gov., 1817, 247-8;
pictures Van Buren, 250;
nominated for gov., 1817, 250;
elected, 252;
inaugurated, 252;
began work on canal, 252;
at zenith of fame, 253;
lacked politician's art, 254, 257;
refused reconciliation with Young, 254;
believed Republican party would divide, 254-5;
refused to appoint Federalists, 255;
dismissed Tam. office holders, 255;
rivals of, 255;
character of messages, 256;
bolts party caucus, 257-60;
not a reformer, 260;
crippled in power, 261;
loss of canal patronage, 261;
sly methods of, 268;
removes Bucktails from office, 273;
calls Van Buren "arch scoundrel," 273;
hesitates to remove him, 274;
renominated for gov., 279;
without organisation, 279;
confident of election, 281;
elected, 281;
protests against Federal patronage, 283-4;
green-bag message, 285;
vituperative allusions to Van Buren, 286, note;
fails to defeat Van Buren for U.S. senator, 287;
trapped into opposing the constitutional con., 1821, 296;
friends without influence in con., 298;
not renominated for gov., 1822, 312;
reasons for, 314-5;
prophetic letter, 315;
deceived as to Yates' popularity, 320;
removed as canal com., 329;
great excitement, 329;
nominated for gov., 330-1;
stirring campaign against Young, 332;
elected, 333;
about the Presidency, 334-5;
favours Jackson, 334-6;
a censorious critic, 334-5, note;
likeness to Jackson, 336;
opening of Erie canal, 345;
ignores old custom, 347;
renominated for gov., 1826, 350;
re-elected, 352;
death of, 1828, 353;
remarks on, 354-5;
Van Buren on, 354;
Weed on, 355.

Clinton, George, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
proposed for gov., 17;
manners of, 19;
ancestry and career, 20;
elected gov., 21;
Schuyler on, 21;
Washington on, 22;
hatred of Tories, 23;
approves revenue going to Congress, 24;
insists upon its collection by state, 25;
refuses to convene Legislature, 25;
Hamilton opposes, 25;
not candid, 28;
opposes revision of Articles of Confederation, 29;
withdrawal of Yates and Lansing, 30;
reproves Hamilton, 31;
bitterest opponent of Federal Constitution, 32;
ignored it in message, 32;
proposed another con., 33;
conduct criticised, 36;
Washington on, 36;
opposed for re-election as gov., 37;
Hamilton's encounter with, 38;
re-elected, 1789, 44;
a master politician, 45;
reasons for appointing Burr, 46-7;
helped by the Livingstons, 47-8;
renominated for gov., 1792, 50;
abuse and misrepresentation, 54;
sales of public lands, 54;
elected, 55;
known as usurper, 61;
refused to nominate Benson, 61;
argument of, 61;
action of Council of Appointment, 62;
not a spoilsman, 62;
declined to stand for re-election, 63;
renominated for gov., 1801, 115;
elected, 115;
opposed methods of Council, 119;
declines re-election, 129;
elected Vice-President, 147;
opposed embargo, 165;
urged for President, 1808, 166;
re-elected Vice-President, 167;
defeats United States Bank, 186;
death and character of, 197-8;
the great war gov., 219;
plan to connect Hudson with Lake Ontario, 242.

Clinton, George W., son of DeWitt Clinton, ii. 183;
nominated sec. of state by Hunkers, 183;
Dem. state peace con., 356;
loyal sentiments of, 356-7, note.

Clintonians, followers of DeWitt Clinton, i. 251.

Clintonians and Bucktails, 1820, two opposing parties, i. 273.

Clinton, James, in first constitutional con., i. 5;
brother of George Clinton, 43;
father of DeWitt Clinton, 43;
his character, 43-4.

Cobb, Howell, sec. of treas., ii. 332;
on election of Lincoln, 332;
predicts panic, 332.

Cochrane, John, Barnburners' platform maker, ii. 197;
at Charleston con., 272;
career, appearance and ability of, 272.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4;
speech at Richmond, Va., 4;
loyal speech at Union Square meeting, 6;
enters the army, 9;
criticised by Southern press, 10;
favours freeing and arming slaves, 25;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1863, 76, note;
elected, 83;
signs call for Cleveland con., 1864, 90;
resents infringement of rights, 90;
president of Cleveland con., 92;
denounces leaders of Rep. party, 92;
nominated for Vice-President, 92;
withdraws, 120;
at Rep. state con., 1871, 259;
joins Lib. Rep. movement, 283;
organises its con. for Greeley's nomination, 283;
calls Lib. Rep. state con. to order, 1872, 296.

Colden, Cadwallader D., ancestry and character, i. 56, 117;
district atty., 117, 179;
prophecy as to inland navigation in New York, 241;
removed as mayor of New York City, 287;
an Anti-Mason, 370.

Coleman, William, editor of Evening Post, i. 117;
clerk of circuit court, 117;
challenged by Cheetham, 128;
kills Cheetham's friend, 128.

Colles, Christopher, navigation of Mohawk River, i. 242.

Collier, John A., desired to be gov., 1842, ii. 51;
nominated Fillmore for Vice-President, 137;
career of, 138;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 145.

Columbia College, DeWitt Clinton in its first class, i. 108.

Committee of Fifty, differences with Committee of Fifty-one, i. 2;
assumed leadership of, 2.

Committee of Fifty-one, opposes Committee of Fifty, i. 2.

Committee of One Hundred, made up of Committees of Fifty and Fifty-one, i. 4.

Committee of Seventy, charged with investigating Tweed Ring, iii. 247;
nominate Havermeyer for mayor, 1872, 299.

Committee of Sixty, substituted for Committee of Fifty-one, i. 4.

Compromises of 1850, character of, ii. 151.

Comstock, George F., nominated for Court of Appeals, ii. 215;
character and ability of, 215-6;
elected, 219;
nominated for judge, Court of Appeals, 1861, iii. 21, note.

Confederates, the, resent unanimity of the North, iii. 9.

Confederation, pitiable condition of, i. 28.

Confederation, Articles of, impotent to regulate commerce, i. 29;
Hamilton on revision, 29;
con. called for revision, 29.

Congress, Continental, recommends a war government, i. 1.

Congress, Provincial, takes place of Provincial Assembly, i. 4;
meets, 1776, 5;
adopts new name, 5;
continues common law of England, 5.

Conkling, Frederick A., aspires to be gov., 1868, iii. 193.

Conkling, Roscoe, ambitious to be atty.-gen., ii. 187;
early career of, 187;
defeated by Ogden Hoffman, 188;
on Whig con., 1854, 201;
in campaign, 1858, 251;
ability as speaker, 251;
his muscle, 251;
stigmatises Dem. state peace con., 357, note;
commends Clinton's loyalty, 357, note;
lack of tact, 389.

On battle of Ball's Bluff, iii. 31;
opposes legal tender act, 32;
character of, 32;
defeated for Congress, 1862, 52;
refuses to betray Lincoln, 104;
re-elected to Congress, 1864, 125;
tours state, 1866, 164;
cand. for U.S. Senate, 1867, 166;
service in House, 167;
Blaine's attack, 168;
his vanity, 168;
strong support by Roberts, 169;
declines to use money, 170;
wins because of ability, 171;
ch'm. of con., 1867, 172-3;
tolerant of Johnsonised Reps., 173;
Fenton suspicious of, 174;
vigorous campaign, 1868, 212;
on election frauds, 1868, 215;
relations with Grant, 232;
secures Murphy's confirmation, 1870, 235;
bitter contest with Fenton, 234-5;
resumed at Rep. state con., 1870, 235;
hesitates to attend, 236;
Grant requests it, 236;
defeats Fenton, 236;
urges Curtis for gov., 1870, 238;
dodges vote, 238;
active in campaign, 241-2;
loses, 244;
Greeley attacks him, 257;
efforts to crush Fenton-Greeley machine, 1871, 250-64;
speech at con., 1871, 261-63;
beats Fenton organisation, 263;
succeeds at the polls, 275;
upholds Grant's administration, 278-9;
Robertson's dislike begins, 294;
speech in campaign, 1872, 301;
re-elected, 1873, 305;
offered place on U.S. Sup. Court, 305;
declines law partnership, 305;
zenith of power, 305;
rivalry of Tilden, 1875, 329;
speeches in campaign, 330-1;
Reps. defeated, 331;
aspires to be President, 1876, 332;
Curtis' opposition, 333;
mild endorsement, 333;
treatment in Rep. Nat. con., 333-5;
fails to attend Rep. state con., 338;
strong speech in campaign, 347;
ignores Hayes and Wheeler, 347;
favours Electoral Com., 356;
excluded from it, 356;
at Rep. state con., 1877, 362;
Curtis' tart criticism, 369-70;
reply to Curtis, 370-7;
masterpiece of sarcasm and invective, 374;
attack regarded too severe, 376;
regretted by Rep. press, 376;
Curtis' opinion of, 376;
established newspaper at Utica, 385;
reason for defeat, 1877, 388 and note;
silent on money question, 390-1;
at Rep. state con., 1878, 391;
at peace with Curtis, 391-2;
work in campaign, 1878, 395;
re-elected to Senate, 1879, 397;
successors to Arthur and Cornell nominated, 1877, 399;
dislike of President Hayes, 402-3;
defeats Roosevelt and Merritt, 404-5;
reconciliation with Blaine surmised, 405-6, 410;
Arthur and Cornell suspended, 1878, 406;
fails to defeat successors, 408-9;
opposed adoption of hard-money platform, 407;
resists repeal of election laws, 411-2;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1879, 412;
nominates Cornell for gov., 1879, 414-18;
his ticket elected, 427;
supports Grant for third term, 428-30;
controls Rep. state con., 1880, 432;
his speech, 433-4;
at Rep. nat. con., 1880, 438-46;
leader of the Stalwarts, 438;
remarkable receptions, 439;
brilliant speech, 439-40;
criticises Blaine, 440;
the faithful, 306, 441;
opposes Stalwarts accepting Vice-Presidency, 442-4;
stoutly objects to Arthur taking it, 444;
refuses to present his name, 444;
hostility to Garfield, 461;
avoids meeting him, 461;
a veiled threat, 461;
visits Garfield at Mentor, 1880, 461;
avoids political topics, 461;
congratulates Platt on election to Senate, 1881, 468;
visits Mentor, 1881, 468;
works in harmony with President, 468;
Robertson appointed, Mar. 23, 469;
a surprise, 469-70;
reports and theories, 469-70;
a Blaine triumph, 470-1;
fails to defeat it, 473-6;
last caucus attended, May 13, 476;
resignation forwarded to Cornell, May 13, 476;
reasons for it, 477-78;
seeks a re-election at Albany, 478;
Rep. caucus refused, 479;
first ballot gives highest vote, 479;
successor elected, July 22, 482;
defeats Cornell's renomination for gov., 1882, 493;
reasons for, 493.

Connolly, Richard B., known as "Slippery Dick," iii. 177;
suave and crafty, 177;
Tweed's bookkeeper, 177;
begins in 1857 as county clerk, 177;
made city comp., 1865, 177;
his rake-off on bills, 178;
exposure of, 1871, 246;
startling crime of, 246;
resigns, 247;
escapes to Europe with plunder, 248;
dies abroad, 248, note.

Conover, Daniel D., nominated for prison insp., 1869, iii. 226;
defeated, 227.

Conservative Democrats, first called Hunkers, ii. 95.

Conservatives, faction of the Dem. party, ii. 52, 126;
favoured using surplus for canals, 52, 126;
leaders of, 53, 126;
called Hunkers, 1845, 126;
see Hunkers.

Constitution, Federal, con. called, i. 29;
draft sent to legislatures, 32;
riots in New York, 32;
Clinton's opposition, 32;
Hamilton on, 32;
con. to ratify, 33;
held at Poughkeepsie, 33;
sacrifices of New York, 34;
people's dislike of, 34;
date of ratification, 35;
vote on, 36;
officially proclaimed, 36.

Constitution, State, drafted by Jay, i. 8;
in Jay's handwriting, 13;
when and how reported, 13-15;
approved by New England, 15;
conservative, 15;
not ratified by people, 15;
amended, 1801, 115;
new one adopted, 1821, 299-310;
broadened suffrage, 299-302;
popularised the judiciary, 302-6;
elective officers, 307-10;
changes made, 311;
ratified, 311;
new one adopted, 1846, ii. 103-13;
known as People's Constitution, 113.

Constitutional Amendments ratified, 1874, iii. 320, note.

Constitutional convention, first one, i. 5-14;
men composing it, 5;
assembles at Kingston, 1777, 5;
delegates elected by people, 5;
recess, 6;
reassembles, 6;
Jay drafts constitution, 6;
number of members, 13;
leader of radicals, 13;
hasty adjournment of, 14.

Second one, i. 115-6;
assembles at Albany, 1801, 115;
purpose of, 115;
Burr its president, 115.

Third one, i. 298-311;
assembles, 1821, 298;
distinguished delegates, 298;
Bucktail body, 298;
Tompkins its president, 299;
Van Buren its leader, 298;
reforms demanded, 299-310;
freehold suffrage, 299-302;
compromise suffrage, 299-302;
negro suffrage, 299-300;
suffrage to elect state senators, 300-1;
suffrage settled, 301;
Van Buren, speech of, 302;
sentiment against old judges, 302;
bitter words, 303;
Van Buren a peacemaker, 304;
former judges finally abolished, 306;
what con. substituted, 305;
justices of peace, 308-10;
constitution ratified, 311;
summary of changes made, 311.

Fourth one, ii. 103-13;
assembles, 103;
prominent delegates, 103-4;
absence of Seward, 104-5;
Greeley failed of election, 105;
popular sovereignty in, 105-6;
limited power of property, 107;
rights of negro, 107;
state indebtedness, 107-9;
elective judiciary, 109-12;
established Court of Appeals, 111;
ratified, 113.

Constitutional convention, 1867, iii. 184;
negro suffrage, 185;
recesses until after election, 185;
result submitted by legislature of 1869, 227;
unrestricted negro suffrage, 227;
defeated, 227.

Constitutional Union convention, The, 1863, iii. 79;
its platform, 79, note.

Constitutional Union party, organised, 1860, ii. 326;
Bell and Everett, 326;
platform of, 326;
fuses with Softs, 326;
scheme assailed, 327;
composition of, iii. 37;
opposes emancipation, 37;
its con., 1862, 37;
nominated Seymour for gov., 38.

Cook, Bates, state comp., ii. 36.

Cook, James M., nominated comp. of state, ii. 188;
ambitious to be gov., 1858, 247;
favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, iii. 88.

Cooper, Edward, figures in cipher dispatches, iii. 351;
asked for money by Pelton, 351;
informs Tilden, 351;
nominated for mayor of N.Y., 393-4;
elected, 397;
strengthened by gov.'s appointments, 418.

Cooper, Peter, candidate for President, 1876, iii. 389.

Copeland, William, aids in exposure of Tweed ring, iii. 246.

"Copperheads," epithet first used, iii. 58, and note.

Cornell, Alonzo B., nom. for lt.-gov., 1868, iii. 196;
defeated, 215;
evidences of fraud in election, 215-8;
career and character, 251-2;
head of Rep. state organisation, 251;
efforts to crush Fenton-Greeley machine, 1871, 250-64;
bold ruling, 259;
defeated for nomination for gov. and lt.-gov., 1876, 337-8;
bitter feeling, 339;
his successor as naval officer appointed, 1877, 399;
confirmation defeated, 404-5;
President suspends him, 1878, 406;
reason for, 406;
successor confirmed, 409;
nominated for gov., 1879, 416;
alleged alliance with Kelly, 425;
reasons for the story, 426;
aided by Secretary Sherman, 427;
Sherman's excuse, 427, note;
elected, 427;
ran behind the ticket, 427;
did not attend Rep. nat. con., 1880, 465;
zenith of power, 465;
relations to Stalwart leaders, 465;
supports Platt for Senate, 1881, 465;
asks Garfield to withdraw Robertson's appointment, 472;
strained relations with Conkling, 478-9;
refused to become cand. against him, 479;
adm. as gov. approved by state con., 1881, 485;
cand. for renomination, 1882, 492;
opposed by Arthur, Conkling, and Jay Gould, 493;
coercion and fraud practiced, 493-4;
his defeat, 494.

Cornell, Oliver H.P., nominated for eng., 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331.

Corning, Erastus, at Charleston con., ii. 272;
at peace congress, 350.

Cand. for Senate, 1863, iii. 55;
character of, 56;
offices held, 56;
opposes Vallandigham's arrest, 65;
Lincoln's letter to, 66;
opposes Tilden, 1876, 342;
aspires to be gov., 1882, 488;
defeated, 489.

Cornwall, George J., nominated for lt.-gov., 1850, ii. 154.

Cotton Whigs, followers of Fillmore, ii. 165;
favourable to South, 165.

Council of Appointment, suggested by Adams, i. 8;
how elected, 11;
proposed by Jay, 11;
account of, 11, note;
bungling compromise, 12;
a political machine, 61;
Jay's interpretation of, 62;
offices controlled by, 62;
Clinton controls it, 107;
modified, 1801, 115-6;
reduced gov. to a figure-head, 119;
abolished, 1821, 311.

Council of Revision, created by first Constitution, i. 10;
membership of, 10;
failure to act, 10;
model for, 10.

Council of Safety, appointed by first constitutional con., i. 16;
orders election of gov., 17.

County Democracy, organisation of, iii. 483;
delegates admitted to Dem. state con., 1881, 484;
ticket elected, 486;
sagacity in Dem. state con., 1882, 490;
ostensibly for Campbell, 490;
solid for Cleveland, 491;
unites with Tam. on local ticket, 498;
elects city and state officials, 498.

Court of Appeals, established, 1846, ii. 111.

Court of Errors and Impeachment, created by first Constitution, i. 12;
composed of, 12;
model for, 12.

Court, Supreme, judges of, i. 12;
members of Council of Revision, 10;
how created, 12.

Cox, Jacob D., leaves Grant's cabinet, iii. 279-80;
joins Lib. Reps., 283;
opposes Greeley, 283.

Cox, Samuel S., removes from Ohio to New York, iii. 288, note;
elected to Congress, 288;
criticised by Greeley, 288;
attends Dem. nat. con., 1872, 287;
favours Greeley's nomination, 288.

Crane, William C., defeated for speaker, ii. 90;
contest over constitutional con., 97-9.

Crary, John, nominated for lt.-gov., 1828, i. 363;
unfaithful, 363-4;
defeated, 368.

Crawford, William H., favoured for President, 1816, i. 237;
character of, 237.

Crittenden Compromise, similar to Weed's, ii. 340;
not new to Congress, 341;
Greeley on, 341;
Dix on, 341;
Senate Committee of Thirteen, 341-2;
Republicans opposed it, 342;
its failure led to civil war, 342;
Lincoln opposed, 344;
majority of voters favour, 347;
petitions for, 349.

Crittenden, John J., author of compromise, ii. 340;
like Weed's, 340;
Nestor of U.S. Senate, 340;
weeps when Seward speaks, 378.

Croker, Richard, attaché of Connolly's office, iii. 318;
Kelly makes him marshal, 318.

Croswell, Edwin, editor Argus, i. 294;
lieutenant of Van Buren, 345;
opens the way for Jackson, 357;
gifts and career of, 374; ii. 56-7;
met Weed in boyhood, i. 374;
rival editors estranged, 375;
seeks Weed's aid in trouble, 375;
associates of, ii. 1;
reappointed state printer, 56-7;
ability and leadership, 58-9;
after Van Buren's defeat, 74, 83;
slippery-elm editor, 84;
supports Seymour for speaker, 91;
defeats Young, 92;
election of U.S. senators, 93;
shrewd tactics, 94-5;
part in Wright's defeat, 123;
retires from active life, 134.

Crowley, Richard, made U.S. atty., iii. 252, note;
member of Conkling machine, 252;
cand. for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465;
Stalwart leaders divide, 465;
fitness for position, 466;
handicapped by his supporters, 466;
defeated in caucus, 468.

Crowley, Rodney R., nominated for prison insp., 1874, iii. 326;
elected, 331.

Curtis, Edward, elected to Congress, ii. 16.

Curtis, George William, in campaign, 1856, ii. 240;
early career of, 240;
refined rhetoric, 240;
on Kansas struggle, 241;
at Chicago con., 282;
eloquence of, 282.

Reasons for Rep. defeat, 1862, iii. 52;
campaign of 1864, 121;
aspires to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166;
not an active cand., 169;
rejects a combination, 169;
nominated for sec. of state, 1869, 225;
withdraws from ticket, 225;
ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1870, 236;
name presented for gov., 1870, 238;
defeated, 238;
on civil service reform, 306;
praises Tilden, 310;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1875, 324;
opposes Conkling for President, 1876, 332-3;
also Cornell for gov. and lt.-gov., 1876, 338;
at Rep. state con., 1877, 366;
insists on Hayes' endorsement, 366;
character and early career, 366;
offered choice of foreign missions, 366;
defence of President, 1877, 368;
criticism of Conkling, 368-70;
Curtis and Conkling contrasted, 370;
Conkling's attack upon, 371-4;
his opinion of, 376;
at Rep. state con., 1878, 391;
at peace with Conkling, 391;
votes against Cornell, 1879, 416;
called a "scratcher," 424;
sharp retort, 425;
answers Conkling's speech, 1880, 434;
opposed uniting with Stalwarts, 1881, 467;
stigmatises method of Folger's nomination for gov., 1882, 495;
resigns editorship of Harper's Weekly, 495, note;
mistake disavowed by publishers, 495, note.

Curtis, Newton M., at Rep. state con., 1880, iii. 434;
views as to independence of delegates, 434;
supports instructions of state con., 434.

Curtis, William E., activity in reform, 1871, iii. 268;
at Dem. state con., 1871, 272.

Cutting, Francis B., attends Saratoga con., 1866, iii. 144.

Cuyler, Theodore L., on Cornell's defeat for renomination, 1882, iii. 495.


Danforth, George F., nominated for atty.-gen., 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331;
nominated for judge Court of Appeals, 1876, 339;
defeated, 350;
renominated, 1878, 392;
elected, 397.

Davenport, Ira, supports Rogers for U.S. Senate, 1881, iii. 466;
nominated for state comp., 1881, 485;
elected, 486.

Davis, David, Lincoln's manager at Chicago con., ii. 288;
on Vallandigham's arrest, iii. 66;
favoured for President, 1872, iii. 282;
defeated, 286;
elected U.S. senator, 1881, 356;
fails to go upon Electoral Com., 356;
blow to the Dems., 356.

Davis, Jefferson, sharp controversy with Douglas, ii. 279-80;
reasons for secession, 375-6;
conditions on which he would accept peace, 1864, iii. 102-3.

Davis, Matthew L., urged for appointment by Burr, i. 121;
literary executor of Burr, 145;
leader of the Burrites, 152;
bitter opponent of DeWitt Clinton, 181.

Davis, Noah, cand. for U.S. Senate, 1867, iii. 166;
character and ability, 166;
Fenton not helpful, 171;
defeated by Conkling, 171.

Dawson, George, Albany Journal, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Dayton, Jonathan, member Council of Appointment, i. 231.

Dayton, William L., nominated for Vice-President, ii. 229.

Dearborn, Henry, in command on Canadian border, i. 221;
career and character of, 221;
plan of campaign, 221;
failure of, 222;
offers to resign, 222;
further failures, 223;
retires, 223.

De Lamatyr, Gilbert, nominated for prison inspector, 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188.

Delegate conventions, beginning of, i. 250;
prototype of modern con., 327, 331.

Democratic national conventions, Chicago, 1864, iii. 107-9;
New York City, 1868, 196-201;
Baltimore, 1872, 287-90;
St. Louis, 1876, 342;
Cincinnati, 1880, 455-9.

Democratic party, organised by Van Buren, i. 349, 350, 365;
its first national con., 391;
opposes U.S. Bank, 393;
triumph of, 396;
sweeps state, 1834, 404.

Again in 1836, ii. 13-14;
first defeat, 29;
defeat, 1840, 45;
recovers state, 1841, 47;
divided into Radicals and Conservatives, 52, 126;
leaders of, 53, 126;
Radicals called Barnburners, 126;
Conservatives called Hunkers, 126;
Seymour unites two factions, 149;
nominated Seymour for gov., 1850, 156;
defeated, 158;
united, 1852, 169-78;
carried state, 178;
again splits into Hunkers and Barnburners, 180-5;
factions called Hards and Softs, 185;
defeated by split, 189;
split continued by repeal of Missouri Compromise, 195;
united again, 232;
Wood captures state con., 257;
Hards yield to Softs, 258;
indorses Buchanan and popular sovereignty, 258.

Democratic peace convention, ii. 354-8;
met at Albany, 354;
Greeley on, 354;
utterances of Seymour, Parker, Clinton, and others, 355-8.

Democratic state conventions, 1861, Syracuse, iii. 16;
1862, Albany, 38;
1863, Albany, 79;
1864, Albany, 101, 117;
1865, Albany, 128;
1866, Albany, 155;
1867, Albany, 178;
1868, Albany, 205;
1869, Syracuse, 226;
1870, Rochester, 230;
1871, Rochester, 269;
1872, Syracuse, 296;
1873, Utica, 308;
1874, Syracuse, 313;
1875, Syracuse, 325-6;
1876, Saratoga, 345-6;
1877, Albany, 378-84;
1878, Syracuse, 392-3;
1879, Syracuse, 418-24;
1880, Syracuse, 449-50;
also Saratoga, 460;
1881, Albany, 484-5;
1882, Syracuse, 487-91.

Denio, Hiram, nominated for Court of Appeals, ii. 184;
character of, 184;
elected, 189.

Dennison, Robert, report on canal, ii. 60-1.

Depew, Chauncey M., nominated for speaker of Assembly, 1863, iii. 53;
withdrawn, 54;
nominated for sec. of state, 1863, 75;
character of, 75;
elected, 83;
beaten for ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1864, 91;
places Greeley in nomination for gov., 1868, 195;
at Rep. state con., 1871, 258-9;
president Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296;
nominated for lt.-gov., 297;
defeated, 302;
cand. for U.S. Senate, 1881, 466;
at Blaine's request, 466, note;
choice of majority of Half-breeds, 466;
throws his votes to Platt, 468;
Platt's promise, 468 and note;
sees President about Robertson's appointment, 1881, 473;
cand. for U.S. Senate in Platt's place, 479, 480;
withdraws, 480;
president Rep. state con., 1881, 485.

DeWitt, Simeon, surveys route for canal, i. 242;
estimated cost, 242;
long career as surveyor-general, 321.

Dickinson, Andrew B., career of, ii. 399, note;
appointed by Seward, 399;
reasons for, 400;
criticised by Greeley, 401;
gratitude to Seward, 401, note.

Dickinson, Daniel S., leading Conservative, ii. 53;
ability of, 53;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1840, 54;
defeated, 54;
at Baltimore con., 72;
declined renomination for lt.-gov., 78;
elected to U.S. Senate, 93;
approves compromise of 1850, 152;
wishes to be President, 1852, 169-72;
opposes Seymour's candidacy for gov., 172-3;
afterward supports him, 177;
indorsed by Hunkers, 1853, 183;
ambitious to be President, 1860, 256;
called "Scripture Dick," 257;
character of, 257;
yields to the Softs, 258;
at Charleston con., 276 and note, 278;
attacks Richmond, 302-3;
record as to slavery, 303-4 and note;
hallucination, 304;
speech at state con. of Hards, 324-5;
opposes fusion with Softs, 331.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4;
speech at Pine street meeting, 4;
patriotic speech at Union Square meeting, 5;
criticised by Southern press, 10;
entertaining speaker, 22;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1861, 23;
elected, 29;
in campaign, 1862, 49;
cand. for U.S. Senate, 1863, 54;
delegate-at-large to Rep. nat. con., 1864, 92;
ambitious to be Vice-President, 94;
opposed by Conservatives, 94;
prefers another to Lincoln for President, 104 and note;
falls into line, 122.

Dillingham, William H., classmate of Talcott, i. 290;
on Talcott's eloquence, 290.

Diven, Alexander S., delegate to People's Union con., 1861, iii. 22;
colonel 107th N.Y. regiment, 22.

Dix, John A., member of Albany Regency, i. 294.

Sec. of state, ii. 1;
early career of, 2;
in war of 1812, 2;
resigns from army, 2;
gifts of, 2;
writes for Argus, 2;
his books, 3;
where educated, 3;
compared with Butler, 3;
superintendent of schools, 4;
elected to U.S. Senate, 93;
a Barnburner, 132;
nominated for gov., 1848, 133, 139;
regret of, 133, note;
defeated, 144;
Seward succeeds him in U.S. Senate, 145;
supports Pierce, 1852, 177, 178, note;
Pierce offers him secretaryship of state, 181, 352;
substitutes it for mission to France, 182, 352;
beaten by intrigue, 182, note;
favoured Crittenden Compromise, 341;
postmaster at New York City, 352;
secretary of treasury, 352-3, note;
historic despatch, 352;
favoured peaceable secession, 353;
resided at White House, 354.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4;
acts as agent of President, 7;
commissioned major-general, 8;
criticised by Southern press, 10;
suggested for gov., 1862, 37, 49;
one vote for U.S. Senate, 1863, 56, note;
suggested for gov., 1864, 116;
ch'm. Philadelphia con., 1866, 144;
defeated for nomination for gov., 159;
nominated for gov., 1872, 293;
tortuous political course, 294;
Seymour's criticism, 295;
Weed's confidence in, 295;
renominated for gov., 1874, 315;
Seymour charges nepotism, 316;
apathetic managers, 317;
defeated, 319;
nominated for mayor of New York, 1876, 346;
defeated, 350.

Dodge, William E., at peace congress, ii. 350;
delivers peace petition, 381.

Dorn, Robert C., nominated for canal com., 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135.

Dorsheimer, Philip, on Softs' con., 1854, ii. 198.

Dorsheimer, William, delegate to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296;
nominated for lt.-gov., 313;
character and ability, 314;
Tilden's spokesman at Dem. nat. con., 1876, 342;
cand. for gov., 1876, 345;
renominated for lt.-gov., 346;
cand. for U.S. Senate, 1879, 397;
at Dem. state con., 1879, 421;
begs delegates to reject Robinson, 421;
announces Tarn, will bolt, 422;
ch'm. of Kelly's con., 1879, 424;
nominates Kelly for gov., 424;
ch'm. of Kelly's state con., 1880, 451;
named as del.-at-large to nat. con., 452;
delegation rejected, 458.

Douglas-Bell-Breckenridge fusion, ii. 331;
aided by money, 331-2.

Douglas, Stephen A., denounces Kansas immigrants, ii. 224;
Harriet Beecher Stowe on, 224;
breaks with Buchanan, 246;
Greeley favours him for U.S. senator, 247;
suggested by Republicans for President, 247;
sharp controversy with Davis, 279-80;
nominated for President, 301;
fusion of, 331;
defeated, 333;
criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Douglass, Frederick, nominated for sec. of state, ii. 216;
career and character of, 216;
nominated to head Rep. electoral ticket, 1872, iii. 296, note;
elected, 302.

Dowd, William, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1880, iii. 462;
bitter contest, 462;
supported by Irving Hall, 462;
defeated, 463.

Draper, Simeon, unavailable to stand for gov., ii. 247;
urges Lincoln's renomination, iii. 88;
becomes collector of customs, 1864, 97;
successor appointed, 1865, 131.

Duane, James, in first constitutional con., i. 5;
in Poughkeepsie con., 33;
campaign of 1789, 42;
character and career, 42;
appointed U.S. judge, 44.

Dudley, Charles E., member of Albany Regency, i. 294;
in U.S. Senate, 383;
character of, 383.

Duer, William, in campaign, 1789, i. 42;
career and character of, 42;
in campaign, 1792, 54.

Duer, William A., son of William, i. 42, note

Duer, William A., son of William A., friend of President Fillmore, ii. 155.

Dusenberre, George H., nominated for gov., 1875, iii. 326;
defeated, 331.


Earl, Robert, nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1869, iii. 226;
elected, 227;
renominated, 1876, 346;
elected, 350.

Editors, leading Democratic, 1865-80, iii. 420.

Editors, leading Republican, 1880, iii. 413-4.

Edson, Franklin, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1882, iii. 498;
elected, 498.

Election frauds, 1866, iii. 175;
sudden increase in naturalization, 1866, 175;
state carried by fraud, 1868, 215-8;
practised in 1867, 187-8;
in 1870, 242.

Election of U.S. senators, influence of money, iii. 221;
Conkling's testimony, 170.

Electoral Commission, iii. 352;
preceded by civil war spirit, 351-2;
rule insisted upon by two parties, 352;
com. made up, 353;
bill passed by Dem. votes, 355.

Ellicott, Joseph, resigns as canal commissioner, i. 261.

Elmendorff, Lucas, removed Clinton from mayoralty, i. 231.

Ely, Alfred, in Congress, ii. 339, note;
disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note.

Ely, Smith, nominated for mayor of N.Y., 1876, iii. 346;
elected, 350.

Emancipation, opposition to, iii. 17, 18, 34, 37, 76.

Embargo, ordered by Jefferson, i. 163;
opposed by the Clintons, 165, 168, 171;
by Van Vechten and Cady, 169;
defended by German and Sanford, 170-1, 174;
repeal of, 179.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, influence of attack on Fort Sumter, iii. 3.

Emmet, Robert, son of Thomas Addis Emmet, i. 357;
sent to Assembly 1827, 357;
ch'm. Rep. nat. con., 1856, ii. 232;
on Seward, 232.

Emmet, Thomas Addis, brother of Robert Emmet, i. 183;
his coming to America, 183-4;
attorney-general, 213;
removed, 213;
request in Clinton's behalf, 221;
resents Clinton's removal as canal commissioner, 329.

England, cause of trouble with America, i. 2.

English, William H., nominated for Vice President, 1880, iii. 457;
defeated, 463.

Equal Rights party, history of, ii. 16.

Erie canal, early views and surveys of, i. 241-3;
discouragements, 242;
no help from Congress, 243;
Tompkins does not favour, 246;
opposed by Tammany, 251;
supported by Van Buren, 251;
bill passed, 251;
sentiment in its favour, 252;
work on, began, 252;
its progress, 253;
Tammany's opposition silenced, 261-2;
opened between Utica and Rome, 327;
Utica and Montezuma, 327;
opening of in 1825, 345.

Seward on, ii. 34-5-6;
cost of, 1862, 36;
policy of enlargement, 49-50;
Dems. divided, 52;
stop and tax law of 1842, 54;
estimated and actual cost of, 60;
Seymour's prophecy, 63-4;
how affected by constitution of 1846, 107-9;
nine million loan unconstitutional, 163;
constitution amended, 183;
loan of ten and one-half millions, 183-4;
boast of Whigs, 188.

Disclosures of fraud, 1867, iii. 174, 182-4;
aids defeats of Rep. party, 182;
Tilden's message against canal ring, 321;
colossal frauds, 322;
investigating com. appointed, 323;
prosecutions, 323.

Evarts, William M., at Chicago con., 1861, ii. 283;
presents Seward's name, 288;
moved to make Lincoln's nomination unanimous, 289;
witty remark to Curtis, 289;
letter to Lincoln, 349, note;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 361;
career and gifts of, 361-2;
work at Chicago, 362;
contest for senator, 363-5;
forces went to Harris, 363-5, note.

Acts as agent of the President, iii. 7;
proposed for gov., 1876, 336;
in campaign of 1879, 425;
criticised, 425.

Evershed, Thomas, nominated for state eng., 1881, iii. 484;
defeated, 486.


Fairchild, Charles S., nominated for atty.-gen., 1874, iii. 326;
elected, 331;
fine record, 380;
opposed for renomination, 380;
defeated, 384.

Fairman, Charles G., Elmira Advertiser, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Farrington, Thomas, defeated for atty.-gen., ii. 92.

Fay, John D., nominated for canal com., 1870, iii. 231;
elected, 244.

"Featherhead," title applied to Half-breeds, iii. 482.

Federalists, "high-minded," who composed them, i. 273;
oppose Clinton's re-election, 1820, 279;
declared Federal party dissolved, 279.

Federalist, The, written largely by Hamilton, i. 32;
its influence, 32.

Federalists, The, alarmed at delay of ratification of Federal Constitution, i. 35;
reasons for, 35;
organisation of party, 38;
nominate Yates for gov., 38;
counted out, 56;
anger of, 59-60;
elect Jay gov., 65;
re-elect him, 82;
lose New York, 1800, 91;
indorse Burr for President, 101;
refuse to read the Declaration of Independence, 176;
support Clinton for President, 1812, 202-8;
oppose war of 1812, 219-30;
favour a New England confederacy, 227-8;
support Clinton for gov., 1817, 247, 252;
get no appointments, 255;
aid Clinton's choice for speaker, 258;
King predicts party split, 259;
controlled by Clinton, 267;
sons of Hamilton and King declare party dissolved, 279-80.

Fellows, Henry, dishonest treatment of, i. 256.

Fellows, John R., early career, iii. 459;
eloquent speaker, 459;
follower of Tilden, 459;
at Dem. nat. con., 1880, 459;
part in spectacular reconciliation, 459.

Fenton, Reuben E., at birth of Rep. party, ii. 211;
career and character of, 212;
re-elected to Congress, 242.

Character and appearance, iii. 115-6;
record and service, 115-6;
nominated for gov., 1864, 117;
conducts strong campaign, 125;
elected, 125;
renominated, 1866, 151;
opposed by formidable combination, 165;
Seward predicted his defeat, 166;
elected, 165;
acceptability of, 192;
aspires to vice presidency, 1868, 192;
defeated, 193;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 1869, 220;
strength and popularity, 220;
charged with graft, 221;
elected, 222;
influence with Grant, 232;
relations severed, 232;
opposes Murphy's confirmation, 1870, 235;
contest with Conkling, 234-5;
renewed at Rep. state con., 1870, 235;
overconfident, 236;
defeated, 236;
inactive in campaign, 241;
his organisation crushed, 1871, 250-63;
its representatives secede from con., 1871, 264;
assemble as a separate body, 264;
joins Lib. Rep. movement, 283;
first to appear at nat. con., 283;
organises for Greeley's nomination, 283;
attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296;
ready to support Church for gov., 1874, 312.

Field, David D., a Barnburner, ii. 131;
at Utica con., 131;
family of, 244;
code of civil procedure, 244;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 244;
defeated, 244;
delegate to peace congress, 350;
on com. on res., 358;
opposed change in constitution, 359;
controversy over, 359.

Support for U.S. Senate, 1863, iii. 55;
prefers another candidate than Lincoln for President, 104.

Field, Maunsell B., Chase desires him for asst. U.S. treas., iii. 95;
leads to Chase's resignation, 96.

Fillmore, Millard, youth and career of, i. 371;
a Weed lieutenant, 372;
less faithful than Seward to Weed, 379.

Defeated for U.S. Senate, ii. 38;
nominated for gov., 1844, 79-80;
compared with Wright, 80-1;
confident of election, 88;
defeated, 89;
elected state comp., 127;
nominated for Vice President, 1848, 137-8;
elected, 143;
breaks with Weed, 148;
becomes President, 151;
approves the fugitive slave law, 151-2;
opposes Seward's indorsement, 153;
Fish on, 166;
not nominated for President, 166-8;
career after defeat, 168-9;
nominated for President by Americans, 238;
indorsed by old-line Whigs, 238;
condemned Rep. party, 238;
defeated, 242;
helped Buchanan's election, 242;
criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Financial crisis, cause of, 1837, ii. 16-20.

Finch, Francis M., nominated judge of Court of Appeals, 1881, iii. 485;
elected, 486.

Fish, Hamilton, nominated for lt.-gov., 1846, ii. 118;
defeated, 120;
elected lt.-gov., 1847, 128;
nominated for gov., 1848, 139;
popularity of, 139;
career of, 140;
elected gov., 144;
elected U.S. senator, 162;
on Fillmore, 166;
relations with Conkling, 243;
not returned to U.S. Senate, 243;
approves Weed's compromise, 338;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, iii. 144.

Fish, Nicholas, nominated for lt.-gov., i. 173;
father of Hamilton Fish, 173;
character of, 173;
popularity of, 185;
defeated for lt.-gov., 185.

Fitch, Charles E., editor of Rochester Democrat-Chronicle, iii. 376;
character as a writer, 376;
deprecates Conkling's attack on Curtis, 376;
Conkling's retort, 376;
a leading Rep. editor, 414.

Flagg, Azariah, member of Albany Regency, i. 294;
member of Assembly, 325;
career and character of, 326;
appearance, 326;
opposes election of presidential electors, 326;
insists on Yates' renomination, 326.

Comp. of state, ii. 52;
leader of Radicals, 58;
against Seymour for speaker, 90;
re-elected comp., 92.

Flower, Roswell P., presented for gov., 1882, iii. 488;
early career, 488-9;
supported by anti-Tilden leaders, 489;
distrusted by Manning, 489;
associated with Jay Gould, 489;
contest with Slocum, 491;
defeated, 496.

Folger, Charles G., character of, iii. 77;
approves emancipation, 77;
favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, 88;
aspires to the U.S. Senate, 1867, 166;
nominated for chief judge of Court of Appeals, 1880, 460;
elected, 463;
appointed sec. of treas., 1881, 486;
nominated for gov., 1882, 494;
bad methods used, 495;
not suspected of complicity, 496;
advised to decline, 496;
dissuaded by Stalwarts, 496;
pathetic appeal, 497;
pure and useful life crushed by defeat, 498.

Foote, Ebenezer, resents methods of Council, i. 120-1;
character of, 120;
Ambrose Spencer on, 120.

Ford, Elijah, nominated for lt.-gov. by the Hards, ii. 203;
ran ahead of ticket, 203.

Forrest, David P., nominated for prison insp., 1864, iii. 117;
elected, 125.

Fort Niagara, captured by British, i. 224;
Morgan left in magazine of, 359.

Fort, Daniel G., nominated for state treas., 1873, iii. 308;
defeated, 309.

Fort Sumter, relief of, iii. 1;
bombardment, 2;
surrender of, 3.

Foster, Henry A., character of, ii. 53;
leading conservative, 59;
president of State Senate, 59;
formidable in debate, 63.

Foster, John W., opinion of Jay's treaty of 1795, i. 67.

Foster, William Edward, Buffalo Commercial, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Fowler, Isaac V., defalcation as postmaster, ii. 352, note.

Fowler, John Walker, brother of Isaac V., absconds with trust funds, ii. 352, note.

France, threatens war, i. 81-2;
preparations to resist by the United States, 83-4.

Francis, John M., Troy Times, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Franklin, Walter, father of DeWitt Clinton's wife, i. 183.

Free-soil Movement, principles proclaimed, ii. 127;
see Barnburners.

Fremont, John C., nominated for President, ii. 228-9;
defeated, 241;
nominated for President at Cleveland con., 1864, iii. 92;
withdraws, 120.

French, Stephen B., a friend of Arthur, iii. 493;
efforts to defeat Cornell's renomination, 493;
obtains proxy by unmoral methods, 493, note;
principal cause of Folger's defeat, 498.

Fry, James B., account of New York draft-riot, iii. 69;
influence of Seymour, 69;
dilatoriness of Seymour, 70;
draft completed, 71.

Frye, William P., U.S. senator from Maine, iii. 471;
on Robertson's appointment, 471;
on Conkling's resignation, 478, note.

Fuller, Philo C., career and character of, i. 371;
a Weed lieutenant, 371;
clerk in Wadsworth's office, 371.

Fulton, Robert, history of steam navigation, i. 74-7;
associated with R.R. Livingston, 77.

Furman, Gabriel, nominated for lt.-gov., 1842, ii. 52;
character of, 52;
defeated, 55.

Fusion ticket, 1860, ii. 331-2;
money given for it, 332-3.


Gallagher, Frank B., nominated for prison insp., 1866, iii. 159;
defeated, 165.

Ganson, John, delegate to Dem. nat. con., 1864, iii. 108.

Gardiner, Addison, nominated for lt.-gov., ii. 78;
career and character of, 78, 233;
Weed's friendship for, 78;
elected, 89;
renominated for lt.-gov., 116;
elected, 120;
on Court of Appeals, 128;
gave way to Parker for gov., 233-4.

Garfield, James A., nominated for President, 1880, iii. 441;
ignored by Nast, 461;
brands "Morey letter" a forgery, 462;
elected, 463;
invites Conkling to Mentor, 1881, 468;
nominates five Stalwarts, 469;
also Robertson for collector, Mar. 23, 469;
reports and theories, 469-71;
efforts to defeat it, 473-6;
resignation of Conkling and Platt, May 13, 476;
assassin's act, July 2, 480;
death deplored, 485.

Garrison, Cornelius K., delegate to seceding states, ii. 351-2.

Garrison, William Lloyd, meets Lundy, ii. 5;
early career of, 5-10.

Gates, Theodore B., nominated for state treas., 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188.

German, Obadiah, leader of Assembly, i. 149;
charges Purdy with bribery, 149, 190;
gifts and character of, 170;
defends embargo, 170, 174;
career of, 170;
in U.S. Senate, 170;
supports Clinton for President, 202;
becomes speaker, 258-9;
resents attacks on Clinton, 266;
manner of speaking, 266.

Gerrymander of legislature, iii. 397-8.

Gettysburg, battle of, iii. 66;
Seymour sends troops, 66.

Godkin, E.L., a vice president of Lib. Rep. meeting, iii. 282;
opposes Greeley's nomination and supports Grant, 286.

Godwin, Parke, presents platform to Rep. state con., 1862, iii. 45;
preferred Lincoln's withdrawal, 1864, 104;
a vice president at Lib. Rep. meeting, 1872, 282;
opposes Greeley's nomination, 286;
supports Grant, 286.

Goodsell, J. Platt, nominated for State eng., 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135.

Gould, Jay, bondsman for Tweed, iii. 247;
aids in Cornell's defeat, 1882, 493.

Governor, candidates for,
George Clinton, 1777, i. 21;
1780, 1783, 1786, 37;
1789, 44;
1792, 50;
1801, 115;
Robert Yates, 1789, 38;
1795, 64;
John Jay, 1792, 50;
1795, 64;
1798, 82;
Stephen Van Rensselaer, 1801, 115;
Aaron Burr, 1804, 131;
Morgan Lewis, 1804, 136;
1807, 161;
Daniel D. Tompkins, 1807, 155;
1810, 173;
1813, 223;
1816, 236;
1820, 274;
Jonas Platt, 1810, 173;
Stephen Van Rensselaer, 1813, 213;
Rufus King, 1816, 236;
DeWitt Clinton, 1817, 250;
1820, 279;
1824, 330;
1826, 350;
Peter B. Porter, 1817, 251;
Joseph G. Yates, 1822, 312;
Solomon Southwick, 1822, 316;
1828, 364;
Samuel Young 1824, 327;
William B. Rochester, 1826, 350;
Martin Van Buren, 1828, 364;
Smith Thompson, 1828, 362;
Enos T. Throop, 1830, 376;
Francis Granger, 1830, 376;
1832, 393;
William L. Marcy, 1832, 394;
1834, 403.

William L. Marcy, 1836, ii. 11;
1838, 22;
William H. Seward, 1834, i. 402;
1838, ii. 19;
1840, 42;
Jesse Buel, 1836, 12;
William C. Bouck, 1840, 54;
1842, 54;
Luther Bradish, 1842, 51;
Silas Wright, 1844, 78;
1846, 115;
Millard Fillmore, 1844, 79;
Alvan Stewart, 1844, 82;
John Young, 1846, 118;
Hamilton Fish, 1848, 139;
John A. Dix, 1848, 133;
Reuben H. Walworth, 1848, 134;
William L. Chaplin, 1850, 156;
Horatio Seymour, 1850, 156;
1852, 172;
1854, 197;
Washington Hunt, 1850, 154;
1852, 173;
Myron H. Clark, 1854, 199;
Greene C. Bronson, 1854, 196;
Daniel Ullman, 1854, 202;
Amasa J. Parker, 1856, 232;
1858, 249;
Erastus Brooks, 1856, 238;
John A. King, 1856, 236;
Edwin D. Morgan, 1858, 248;
1860, 328;
Lorenzo Burrows, 1858, 249;
William Kelley, 1860, 326;
James T. Brady, 1860, 325.

Horatio Seymour, Dem., 1862, iii. 38;
James S. Wadsworth, Rep., 1862, 45;
Horatio Seymour, Dem., 1864, 117;
Reuben E. Fenton, Rep., 1864, 116;
Reuben E. Fenton, Rep., 1866, 150;
John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1866, 159;
John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1868, 206;
John A. Griswold, Rep., 1868, 195;
John T. Hoffman, Dem., 1870, 230;
Stewart L. Woodford, Rep., 1870, 238;
John A. Dix, Rep., 1872, 293;
Francis Kernan, Dem., 1872, 297;
Samuel J. Tilden, Dem., 1874, 313;
John A. Dix, Rep., 1874, 315;
Myron H. Clark, Pro., 1874, 316;
Lucius Robinson, Dem., 1876, 346;
Edwin D. Morgan, Rep., 1876, 338;
Richard M. Griffin, Greenback, 1876, 346;
Albert J. Groo, Pro., 1876, 346;
Harris Lewis, Nat., 1879, 412;
John W. Mears, Pro., 1879, 412;
Alonzo B. Cornell, Rep., 1879, 416;
Lucius Robinson, Dem., 1879, 424;
John Kelly, Tam., 1879, 424;
Grover Cleveland, Dem., 1882, 491;
Charles J. Folger, Rep., 1882, 494.

Governor, stepping stone to President, i. 80;
compared with United States senator, 364.

Governor, powers under Constitution of 1777, i. 10.

Governors, names and service of,
George Clinton, 1777-95, i. 21, 37, 44;
John Jay, 1795-1801, 64, 82;
George Clinton, 1801-4, 60, 115;
Morgan Lewis, 1804-7, 136, 161;
Daniel D. Tompkins, 1807-17, 155, 173, 223, 236;
DeWitt Clinton, 1817-23, 250, 279;
Joseph G. Yates, 1823-5, 312;
DeWitt Clinton, 1825-8, 330-350;
Nathaniel Pitcher (acting), 1828-9, 366;
Martin Van Buren, 1829, 364;
Enos T. Throop, 1829-33, 366, 376;
William L. Marcy, 1833-9, 394, 403.

William L. Marcy, ii. 11;
William H. Seward, 1839-43, 19, 42;
William C. Bouck, 1843-5, 54;
Silas Wright, 1845-7, 78;
John Young, 1847-9, 118;
Hamilton Fish, 1849-51, 139;
Washington Hunt, 1851-3, 154;
Horatio Seymour, 1853-5, 172;
Myron H. Clark, 1855-7, 199;
John A. King, 1857-9, 236;
Edwin D. Morgan, 1859-63, 248, 328.

Horatio Seymour, 1863-5, iii. 38;
Reuben E. Fenton, 1865-9, 116, 151;
John T. Hoffman, 1869-1873, 205-7, 230-1;
John A. Dix, 1873-5, 293;
Samuel J. Tilden, 1875-7, 313;
Lucius Robinson, 1877-9, 345-6;
Alonzo B. Cornell, 1880-3, 412-8;
Grover Cleveland, 1883-5, 488-91.

Grace, William Russell, character of, iii. 460;
nominated for mayor of N.Y., 461;
elected, 463.

Graham, Theodore V.W., removed as recorder, i. 179.

Granger, Francis, nominated for Assembly, i. 358;
Weed on, 361;
Seward on, 361, note;
career of, 361;
opponent of John C. Spencer, 361;
dress, appearance, and manners of, 361, and note;
defeated for nomination for gov., 368;
nominated lt.-gov., 368;
defeated, 368;
nominated for gov. by Anti-Masons, 1830, 376;
indorsed by Nat. Reps., 376;
a great mistake, 377;
defeated, 377;
nominated for gov., 1832, 393;
reason for defeat, 396;
elected to Congress, 1834, 402, 404;
Seward on, 404.

Defeated for nomination for gov., 1838, ii. 19-21;
continued in Congress, 47;
postmaster-general, 154;
left Congress, 1843, 154;
in Utica con., 153;
ally of Fillmore, 154;
leads Silver-Grays' secession, 155;
delegate to peace congress, 350;
friendship with Weed renewed, 350.

Granger, Gideon, member of Madison cabinet, i. 202;
supports DeWitt Clinton for President, 202;
character and career of, 202;
father of Francis, 360.

Grant, Ulysses S., favoured for President, 1864, iii. 93;
gives no encouragement, 93;
favours Lincoln's election, 120;
reports upon Southern sentiment, 1865, 136;
unpopularity with radical Reps., 190;
quarrels with Johnson, 191;
taken up by Reps., 191;
endorsed by Rep. state con. 1868, 191;
nominated for President, 192;
elected, 215;
fails to carry New York, 215;
evidences of fraud in election, 215-8;
adm. criticised, 276-81;
renominated, 1872, 292;
elected, 302;
severely criticised, 317;
talk of a third term, 1874, 317;
his letter ends it, 1875, 329;
renewed on his return from abroad, 428;
an active candidate, 428;
gets fifty votes from N.Y., 441;
defeated, 442;
the faithful, 306, 442.

Graves, Ezra, nominated for prison insp., 1872, iii. 296;
elected, 302;
renominated, 1874, 315;
defeated, 319.

Gray, David, Buffalo Courier, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Greeley, Horace, edits the Jeffersonian, ii. 26;
early career of, 26;
came to N.Y., 1821, 26;
political conditions, 27;
first meeting with Weed, 28;
gifts of, 29;
relations with Weed, 32;
failed of election to constitutional con., 1846, 105;
chafes under Weed's control, 116;
elected to Congress, 1848, 138;
assails Castle Garden meeting, 157;
at Anti-Nebraska con., 194;
wants to be gov., 198;
appeals to Weed, 198, note;
offended at Raymond's nomination, 199, 200;
favoured a Rep. party, 1854, 200;
at birth of Rep. party, 1855, 213;
active in 1856, 240;
favours Douglas for U.S. senator, 247;
dislike of Seward, 247;
at Chicago con., 286;
Seward and Weed think him faithful, 284, note, 286, note;
for Bates for President, 287;
jubilant over Seward's defeat, 289-90;
reply to Raymond, 308-9;
demands his letter of 1854, 310;
publishes it, 311-17;
character of campaign, 1860, 332;
peaceable secession, 335-6;
"no compromise" theory, 343;
defeated for U.S. Senate, 363-5, note;
reasons for, 365, note;
Tribune on, 366;
persistent office-seeker, 366;
charges Seward with favouring Weed's compromise, 380, 382;
criticised Seward's appointments, 399;
as to Dickinson, 398, 401;
relations with Lincoln not cordial, 402-3.

On Scott's insincerity, iii. 11, note;
heads radical anti-slavery sentiment, 14;
prayer of twenty millions, 35;
his force, 36;
contest with Bennett, 36;
favours Wadsworth, 44;
ambition for U.S. Senate, 1863, 54;
tries to defeat Morgan, 56;
Seymour's complicity in draft-riot, 69;
at Rep. state con., 1863, 75;
qualities as a party leader, 75, note;
susceptible to flattery, 75, note;
favours postponing Rep. nat. con., 1864, 89;
preferred Chase, Fremont, or Grant to Lincoln, 89;
failure of his leadership, 91, note;
yearns for peace, 1864, 102;
visits Confederates at Niagara Falls, 102;
authority from Lincoln, 102;
encourages substitution of another candidate for Lincoln, 104;
nominated for elector-at-large, 117;
elected, 125;
yields to an offer of office, 126;
favours negro suffrage, 128;
lion of Rep. state con., 1866, 150;
aspires to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166;
wants to be gov., 1868, 193;
way seems to be open, 194;
great applause when presented, 195;
received small vote, 195;
reasons for it, 196;
named for state comp., 1869, 226;
defeated, 227;
wants to be gov., 1870, 237;
opposed as in 1868, 237;
reasons for defeat, 238;
laments removal of Fenton men, 250;
resents efforts to crush his machine, 1871, 251-6;
attacks Conkling, 257;
replies to Conkling's con. speech, 263-4;
his organisation defeated, 263;
reasons for joining Lib. Reps., 281-2;
suggested for President, 1872, 283;
opposition to, 283;
writes platform of party, 284;
nominated, 285;
endorsed by Dems., 289;
defeated, 302;
pathetic ending of his life, 303;
buried like a conqueror, 304.

Green, Andrew H., appointed deputy city comp., iii. 247;
estimate of Tweed Ring's plunder, 248.

Green, Beriah, early abolitionist, ii. 7.

Green, George C., del. to Kelly's state con., 1880, and named as del.-at-large to Dem. nat. con., iii. 452;
refused admission, 457;
part in spectacular reconciliation, 458.

Greenback Party, organization of, 1876, iii. 346;
meet at Syracuse, 346;
second con., 1876, 346;
con. of, 1877, 384;
smallness of its vote, 389;
united with labor reform party, 389;
issues call for a Nat. con., 389;
see Nat. Green.-Lab. Reform party.

Greenback Labour party, state con., Albany, 1882, iii. 487.

Griffin, Richard M., nominated for gov., 1876, iii. 346;
defeated, 350.

Grinnell, Moses H., at Anti-Nebraska con., ii. 194;
declined nomination for gov., 1856, 234;
career and character of, 234-5;
approves Weed's compromise, 338.

Acts as agent of the President, iii. 7;
urges Lincoln's renomination, 88;
secedes from Rep. state con., 1871, 264;
meets with a separate body, 264.

Griswold, John A., elected to Congress, iii. 125;
character and services of, 125;
changes his party, 126;
nominated for gov., 1868, 193;
defeated, 215;
evidences of fraud in election, 215-8;
declines to oppose Morgan for U.S. Senate, 220.

Groesbeck, William S., candidate in opposition to Greeley, 1872, iii. 289.

Groo, Albert J., nominated for gov., 1876, iii. 346;
defeated, 350.

Gross, Ezra C., gifts of, i. 358;
eloquence of, 358;
death of, 358.

Grover, Martin, nominated for judge court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135;
renominated, 1867, 179;
elected, 187.

Gumbleton, Henry A., clerk of N.Y. county, iii. 418;
removed from office, 418.


Habeas corpus, suspension of, iii. 16, 24, 27, 58.

Hagner, Henry, nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 384;
defeated, 387.

Haight, Jacob, treas. of state, ii. 36.

Hale, Daniel, removed as sec. of state, i. 179.

Hale, Matthew, bitterly opposed third-term, iii. 429.

"Half-breeds," title of faction in Rep. party, 1880, iii. 437.

Hall, A. Oakey, known as "elegant Oakey," iii. 177;
"without ballast," 177;
good speaker, 177;
versifier, 177;
tortuous political career, 177;
succeeds Hoffman as mayor, 177;
tried and not convicted, 247, note;
served his term as mayor, 247.

Hall, Willis, atty.-gen., ii. 36;
character of, 37.

Halleck, Fitz-Greene, Tam. song, i. 182.

Hamilton, early life of, i. 3;
speech at age of seventeen, 3;
compared with William Pitt, 3;
association with Washington, 25;
at Yorktown, 26;
Washington on, 26;
admitted to the bar, 26;
defends Tories, 26;
opposes Clinton, 26;
collection of duties by Congress, 27-8;
at Annapolis, 29;
revision of Articles of Confederation, 29;
reasons for Clinton's opposition, 29;
del. to amend Articles, 29;
his plan, 31;
supports Madison's plan, 31;
signs Federal Constitution, 31;
Clinton reproves him, 31;
ratification of Constitution, 31;
eloquence and influence of, 31-6;
fear of disunion, 35;
hears from Virginia and New Hampshire, 35;
criticism of Clinton, 36;
on Robert Yates for gov., 38-40;
failure of coalition, 44;
control of Federal patronage, 44;
sec. of the treasury, 44;
first meeting with Burr, 45;
opinion of Washington, 46;
legend as to Burr and, 46;
opposed by R.R. Livingston, 48;
reasons for it, 48;
defeat of Schuyler, 49;
Jay's nomination for gov., 50;
assumption of state debts, 53;
Jay's renomination for gov., 65;
Jay's treaty with England, 65-6;
assaulted by a mob, 65;
election of Apr., 1800, 90;
Alien-Sedition laws, 90;
meets Burr at the polls, 91;
courtesy of, 91;
style of oratory, 91;
Root's opinion of, 91;
party defeated, 91;
election of presidential electors, 92;
breaks with Adams, 94;
reason for, 94;
ugly letter opposing Adams, 96;
prefers Jefferson to Adams, 96;
great mistake, 97;
urges Federalists to oppose Burr, 99-101;
hoped DeWitt Clinton would become a Federalist, 108;
earnings as a lawyer, 132;
Spencer's estimate of, 132;
Root's estimate of, 132;
argues Croswell case, 132;
Kent's opinion of, 132-3;
prefers Lansing to Burr, 133-5;
Burr, a leader of secession, 134;
disapproves disunion, 134;
Lansing's withdrawal, 136;
Burr's challenge, 139-40;
an imperious custom, 140-1;
his defence for fighting, 141;
duel and death, 142-3;
profound sorrow, 143;
his career had he lived, 143;
charters United States Bank, 186.

Hammond, John, nominated for prison insp., 1866, iii. 152;
elected, 165.

Hammond, John M., nominated for canal com., 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188.

Hampton, Wade, in command at Plattsburgh, i. 224;
character and fitness of, 224;
failure of, 224;
resigns, 224.

Hancock, Winfield S., aspires to be President, iii. 197;
his training, 197;
nominated for President, 1880, 457;
defeated, 463.

Hards, name of Dem. faction, ii. 185;
successors to the Hunkers, 185;
why so called, 185;
ticket defeated, 1853, 189;
repeal of the Missouri Compromise, 195;
nominate Bronson for gov., 196;
defeated, 203;
refused to rejoin Softs, 209;
stand with South, 210;
welcomed at Nat. con., 226-8;
unite with Softs, 232;
hold a separate state con., 324;
Brady nominated for gov., 325;
defeated, 333.

Hard times of 1837, cause and result of, ii. 16-20;
Van Buren's statesmanship, 41.

Harris, Ira, career and character of, ii. 117, 390;
on Supreme Court, 117;
in Assembly, 117;
in constitutional con., 1846, 117;
supported Young for gov., 118;
elected U.S. senator, 365;
appearance and ability of, 390;
associates of, 390;
with Sumner and Collamer, 390;
question of patronage, 390, 396.

Sustains Seward, iii. 84;
seeks re-election to U.S. Senate, 1867, 166;
wise and safe legislator, 166;
Lincoln's joke, 166;
defeated by Conkling, 171;
resents removal of Sumner, 278.

Harrison, Richard, member of Poughkeepsie con., i. 33;
U.S. atty., 44;
ability of, 44.

Harrison, William Henry, candidate of northern Whigs, 1836, ii. 11;
nominated for President, 1840, 40;
elected, 45.

Hart, Ephraim, friend of DeWitt Clinton, i. 261;
defeated for canal com., 261.

Harvard University, Rufus King a graduate of, i. 270.

Haskin, John B., in Congress, ii. 339, note;
disapproves Weed's compromise, 339, note;
del. to Kelly's state con., 1880, iii. 451;
proposes plank on Tilden, 452.

Hatch, Roswell D., member of Com. of Seventy, iii. 268;
activity in reform, 1871, 268.

Havermeyer, Henry, dispatches to, sent by Marble, 1876, iii. 350.

Havermeyer, William F., served two terms as mayor, iii. 299;
character of, 299;
renominated, 1872, 299;
elected, 302;
death, 314;
a good record, 318.

Hawley, Gideon, state supt. of schools, i. 288;
record of, 288;
dismissal of, 288.

Hayes, Rutherford B., nominated for President, 1876, iii. 334;
letter of acceptance, 344;
declared elected, 350;
efforts to reform civil service, 360;
opposition, 361;
advocates hard money, 391;
nominates successors to Arthur and Cornell, 1877, 399;
reasons for, 399, 402;
Conkling's criticism of, 402-3;
appointees defeated, 404-5;
suspends Arthur and Cornell, 1878, 406;
reason for, 406;
their successors confirmed, 409.

Headley, Joel T., career and character of, ii. 215;
writer of biography, 215;
nominated for sec. of state, 215;
elected, 218.

Heenan, John C., "the Benicia Boy," ii. 257;
backs Wood in his capture of state con., 257.

Henry, John V., removed from comptrollership, i. 117;
resents methods of Council, 119;
character of, 119.

Hepburn, A. Barton, nominated for congressman-at-large, 1882, iii. 494;
declined to accept, 495.

Hewitt, Abram S., ch'm. Dem. nat. con., 1876, iii. 349;
management of, 349;
informs Tilden of Electoral Com., 354;
relied upon Davis being fifth judge, 356;
uses "Morey letter," 1880, with great force, 462;
an organiser of the County Democracy, 484.

Higgins, Frank W., promoted from lt.-gov. to gov., i. 180.

Hildreth, Matthias B., appointed atty.-gen., i. 179;
death of, 213.

Hill, David B., promoted from lt.-gov. to gov., i. 180;
ch'm. state con., 1877, iii. 380;
early career, 381;
character and ability, 381;
aids Tilden, 381;
hesitates to rule against Kelly, 382;
in con., 1879, 420;
elected lt.-gov., 1882, 498.

Hill, Nicholas, ability of, ii. 390.

Hillhouse, Thomas, nominated for state comp., 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135;
renominated, 1867, 187;
defeated, 187;
renominated, 1869, 225;
withdraws from ticket, 225.

Hiscock, Frank, attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296;
suggested for gov., 1879, 414;
early career and character, 415.

Hitchman, William, elected speaker of Assembly, 1869, iii. 224;
controlled by Tweed, 224;
re-elected, 1870, 228.

Hoadley, George, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 283;
opposes Greeley's nomination, 283.

Hobart, John Sloss, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
judge Supreme Court, 16;
at Hartford con., 28;
member Poughkeepsie con., 33;
retired from Supreme Court, 68;
elected to U.S. Senate, 70.

Hoffman, James O., recorder of N.Y., i. 179.

Hoffman, John T., life and character of, iii. 156, 157, 164;
offices held, 157, 177;
nominated for gov., 1866, 159;
active in campaign, 164;
makes good impression, 164;
loyalty impeached, 164;
defeated, 165;
ch'm. Dem. state con., 1867, 179;
favours U.S. bonds paid in gold, 180;
receives complimentary votes for President, 1868, 198;
nominated for gov., 1868, 205;
Nast's cartoons, 210;
proclamation as mayor, 1868, 214;
elected, 215;
evidence of fraud, 215-8;
approves Tweed charter, 229;
also Erie railroad legislation, 230;
appoints Tweed judges to general term, 230;
criticised severely, 230;
renominated, 1870, 231;
Nast's cartoon on repeaters, 242;
attacks resented, 243;
elected, 244;
del.-at-large to Dem. nat. con., 1872, 287;
declines to be candidate for gov., 1872, 297;
con. approves his administration, 298;
in retirement, 299;
death, 299.

Hoffman, Josiah Ogden, leads Federalists, i. 61;
removed as atty.-gen., 117.

Hoffman, Michael, leading Radical, ii. 52;
career and character of, 52-3;
defeated for speaker, 59;
power in debate, 63;
constitutional con., 1846, 97-9;
in constitutional con., 103;
state indebtedness, 107-9;
Weed on, 108.

Hoffman, Ogden, son of Josiah Ogden Hoffman, i. 357;
eloquence of, 357;
sent to Assembly, 358;
criminal lawyer, 358;
nominated for atty.-gen., ii. 187;
gifts of, 188;
Greeley on, 188.

Holley, Orville L., surveyor-general, ii. 18, 36.

Hopkins, Nelson K., nominated for state comp., 1871, iii. 264;
elected, 275;
renominated, 1873, 308;
endorsed by Liberals, 309;
elected, 309.

Hoskins, George G., nominated for lt.-gov., 1879, iii. 416;
elected, 427.

Howe, Epenetus, nominated for gov., 1882, iii. 487;
defeated, 498.

Howland, Joseph, nominated for state treas., 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135.

Hoyt, Stephen T., nominated for canal com., 1866, iii. 152;
elected, 165;
renominated, 1869, 226;
defeated, 227.

Hubbard, Ruggles, member of Council, i. 231;
attachment for Clinton, 234;
character of, 235.

Hudson River Valley, attracts New Englanders, i. 81.

Hughes, Charles, nominated for clerk of Court of Appeals, 1862, iii. 45, note;
defeated, 51.

Hulburd, Calvin T., nominated for state comp., 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188.

Humphrey, James, congressman, ii. 338, note;
attacks Weed's compromise, 338, note.

Hunkers, Democratic faction so called, ii. 126;
leaders of, 126-7;
Barnburners secede from, 127;
lose the state, 1847, 127;
1848, 143;
Seymour unites them with Barnburners, 149;
nominate Seymour for gov., 1850, 156;
defeated, 158;
support Dickinson for President, 1852, 169-72;
support Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 169-78;
secede from Barnburners, 1853, 180-5;
nominate separate ticket, 183;
approve canal constitutional amendment, 183;
called Hardshells or Hards, 185;
see Hards.

Hunt, Alvah, elected state treas., ii. 127-8.

Hunt, Ward, candidate for U.S. Senate, ii. 244;
brilliant career of, 244.

Supported for U.S. Senate, 1863, iii. 55;
character of, 73;
speech at Rep. state con., 1863, 73;
nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1865, 130;
elected, 135.

Hunt, Washington, on Clay's Alabama letter, ii. 88;
elected state comp., 150;
nominated for gov., 1850, 154;
endorsed by Silver-Grays, 156;
elected, 158;
calls extra session of legislature, 163;
renominated for gov., 173;
inclined to Fillmore, 173;
defeated, 178;
favours union of Rep. and American parties, 249;
president of Constitutional Union party, 326;
fuses party with Softs, 326;
criticised by Greeley, 326-7;
impaired value of fusion, 327;
declares intention, 327.

Manager, of Cons. Union con., 1863, iii. 79, note;
del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, 110;
demands armistice and con. of states, 110;
candidate for elector-at-large, 1864, 120;
defeated, 125.

Huntington, George, nominated for lt.-gov., i. 213.

Husted, James W., character and ability, iii. 258;
choice of his party for speaker of Assembly, 258;
nominated for state treas., 1881, 485;
defeated, 486.

Hutchins, Waldo M., visits Lincoln for Greeley, iii. 126, note;
head of Fenton machine, 220;
at Rep. state con., 1871, 259;
joins Lib. Rep. party, 283;
organises Nat. con. for Greeley's nomination, 283;
attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296;
name presented for gov., 1882, 488, note.

Hyer, Tom, noted pugilist, ii. 281;
at Chicago con. for Seward, 281;
leads street parade, 281;
fails to get into Wigwam, 288.


Independence, not thought of, 1774, i. 2.

"Infected district," of anti-Masonry, western half of state, i. 360.

Ingersoll, Charles Jared, statement of, after war of 1812, i. 230;
on annexation of Texas, ii. 67.

Irving Hall Democracy, organised by Morrissey, 1874, iii. 331;
its ticket elected, 1875, 331;
dels. yield to Tam., 1879, 421;
seated after Kelly's bolt, 423;
fooled by Tam. in candidate for mayor, 1880, 460-1;
unites with Tam. and County Democracy, 1882, 498;
local ticket elected, 499.

Irving, Peter, publisher of N.Y. Chronicle, i. 123;
supports Burr, 123, 152.

Ives, Benoni J., nominated for prison insp., 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331.


Jackson, Andrew, battle of New Orleans, i. 229;
favoured by Clinton for President, 334-6;
eulogises Clinton, 336;
likeness to Clinton, 336;
Van Buren joins Clinton in support of, 346;
popularity of, 358;
a Free Mason, 361;
offer to United States Bank, 1832, 393;
refused by Clay and Webster, 393;
vetoed its charter, 393;
the issue, 1832, 393;
elected, 368;
makes Van Buren sec. of state, 383;
appoints Van Buren to England, 387;
compels Van Buren's nomination for Vice President, 391.

Compels Van Buren's nomination for President, ii. 4, 5;
confidence in Van Buren, 1844, 69.

Jackson, James, nominated for canal com., 1873, iii. 308;
elected, 309.

Jacobs, John C., senator from Kings county, iii. 421;
ch'm. Dem. con., 1879, 421;
named for gov., 422;
declines, 422;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 1881, 482;
withdraws, 482.

James, Amaziah B., at peace congress, ii. 350;
patriotism of, 359.

James, Thomas L., appointed postmaster-general, 1881, iii. 468;
confirmed, 468;
tries to compromise Robertson's appointment, 472.

Jay, John, in first constitutional con., i. 5;
appointed to draft a state constitution, 6;
age, 6;
family of, 6;
marriage of, 6;
Committee of Fifty-one, 6;
del. to first Continental Congress, 7;
author of famous papers, 7;
Jefferson on, 7;
drafts constitution, 7;
proposed Council of Appointment, 12;
account of, 11, note;
abolition of slavery, 14;
withdraws from con., 14;
chief justice of State Supreme Court, 16;
suggested for gov., 17;
proposed Schuyler and Clinton for gov. and lt.-gov., 20;
extreme modesty of, 20;
defeated for del. to constitutional con. of 1787, 30;
member of Poughkeepsie con., 33;
mentioned for gov., 37;
chief justice U.S. Supreme Court, 44;
nominated for gov., 1792, 50;
previous refusals, 51;
career and character of, 51;
buzz of presidential bee, 51;
denounced as an aristocrat, 53;
campaign abuse, 53-4;
opposed by the Livingstons, 55;
counted out, 56;
anger of Federalists, 59-60;
dignified conduct, 60;
renominated for gov., 64;
elected, 65;
treaty with England, 65;
opposition to, 65;
burned in effigy, 65;
first term as gov., 67;
dodges the slavery question, 68;
appoints Kent and Radcliff to Supreme Court, 68;
opposed for re-election by Livingston, 78;
re-elected, 82;
approves Alien-Sedition laws, 85;
Hamilton's plan for electing Presidential electors, 92;
opposes DeWitt Clinton, 110;
refuses to reconvene Council of Appointment, 110;
fails to recommend abolition of slavery, 111;
close of career, 111-14;
character of, 112;
crowning act of his life, 112;
Canada in peace treaty of 1783, 112-3;
declines reappointment as chief justice of U.S., 114;
retires to his farm, 115;
favours DeWitt Clinton for President, 203-5.

Jay, Peter A., eldest son of John Jay, i. 273;
recorder of New York City, 273;
a thrust at high-minded Federalists, 273;
removed from office, 287.

Jefferson, Thomas, compliments Jay, i. 101;
opinion of Burr, 105;
swift removals from office, 120;
rewards the Livingstons, 121;
acts with Clinton in crushing Burr, 121;
opposed Burr, 1804, 137;
on Chesapeake affair, 163;
orders embargo, 163;
repeals it, 179;
opinion of Stephen Van Rensselaer, 214;
on Erie canal, 244.

Jenkins, Elisha, reappointed sec. of state, i. 179.

Jenkins, Timothy, career of, ii. 247;
ambitious to be gov., 1858, 247.

Jennings, Lewis J., N.Y. Times, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Johnson, Alexander S., nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1874, iii. 315;
defeated, 319.

Johnson, Andrew, becomes President, 1865, iii. 127;
plan of reconstruction, 127;
rejects negro suffrage, 128;
endorsed by Dems., 1865, 128;
and by Reps., 132;
influence of Weed and Raymond, 131-2;
radical Reps. hostile, 136;
Stevens opposes his policy, 137;
Raymond replies, 137;
defeated, 141;
vetoes civil rights bill, 141;
bad traits, 142;
ill-tempered speech, 142;
Civil Rights bill passed over veto, 142;
favours Philadelphia con., 1866, 142;
swing around the circle, 148;
removal of Rep. officials, 162;
his party defeated, 166;
Dems. drop him, 182;
impeachment of, 190;
candidate for President at Dem. nat. con., 197.

Johnson, William S., opposes Seward, ii. 147.

Johnston, Joseph E., at battle of Bull Run, iii. 12.

Jones, David R. Floyd, nominated for sec. of state, 1861, iii. 21, note;
defeated, 29;
candidate for lt.-gov., 1862, 41, note;
elected, 51;
renominated, 1864, 120;
defeated, 125.

Jones, George, of N.Y. Times, iii. 95;
approves Raymond's support of Johnson, 95;
rejects Tweed's enormous bribe, 246.

Jones, Henry, nominated for clerk of Court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135.

Jones, Samuel, member of Poughkeepsie con., i. 33;
supports Clinton for gov., 1789, 43;
Kent on, 43, note;
first state comp., 70.

Jones, Samuel, son of the preceding, i. 347;
appointed chancellor, 347.

Jordan, Ambrose L., in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 109;
on elective judiciary, 110;
gifts of, 110;
atty.-gen., 128.

Junio, John J., nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 384;
defeated, 387.


Kansas, efforts in behalf of slavery, ii. 208;
rifles from the North, 222;
border ruffians withdraw, 223;
Seward's bill to admit as State, 223;
more hostilities, 223;
Beecher's Bibles, 224;
against Lecompton constitution, 246;
action of freestate men, 262;
Wyandotte constitution, 262.

Kaufman, Sigmund, nominated for lt.-gov., 1870, iii. 238;
defeated, 244.

Kelley, William, nominated for gov. by Softs, 1860, ii. 326;
career and character of, 326;
defeated, 333;
at Dem. state peace con., 354.

Kelly, John, succeeds Tweed as leader of Tam., iii. 288;
appearance, 288;
early career, 288;
character, 288;
reorganises Tam., 1871, 289;
favours nomination of Greeley, 1872, 289;
urges Schell for gov., 1872, 297;
nominates Lawrence for mayor, 1872, 299;
defeated, 302;
declares for Tilden for gov., 1874, 310;
blow at canal ring, 312;
selects men of Tweed ring for city offices, 314;
Havermeyer charges graft, 318 and note;
elects Tam. ticket, 319;
breaks with Morrissey, 1875, 325;
his faction known as "Short-hairs," 325;
ticket defeated, 1875, 331;
opposes Tilden, 1876, 341-2;
reunites with Morrissey, 1876, 346;
his ticket elected, 350;
breaks with Morrissey, 1877, 386;
Morrissey elected, 389;
controls state con., 1878, 392;
nominates Schell for mayor, 394;
badly punished by defeat, 396;
gov. removes his best friend, 418;
declares war on Robinson, 418, 420;
charges against, 420;
threatens to bolt con., 1879, 421;
exhausts argument and trickery, 422-3;
leaves the con., 423-4;
holds one of his own, 424;
accepts nomination for gov., 424;
alliance with Cornell, 426;
reasons for charge, 426;
crushed by defeat, 427;
refused admission to state con., 1880, 451;
holds con. of his own, 451;
fierce speech against Tilden, 452;
refused admission to Nat. con., 1880, 457;
cool treatment of, 458;
spectacular reconciliation, 458;
forces a state con., 1880, 460;
controls it, 460;
fools Irving Hall, 460;
held responsible for Hancock's defeat, 483 and note;
opponents organise County Democracy, 1881, 483-4;
dels. excluded from state con., 1881, 484;
holds balance of power in legislature, 1882, 487;
his demands, 487, note;
affiliates with Reps., 487;
forces way into state con., 1882, 488;
divides vote among four candidates for gov., 490;
supports Cleveland in stampede, 491;
joins County Democracy in local nominations, 1882, 498;
city and state tickets elected, 498.

Kelly, William E., aspirant for gov., 1864, iii. 117;
candidate for elector-at-large, 1864, 120;
defeated, 125.

Kent, James, on Schuyler, i. 18;
supports Jay, 1792, 55;
personal appearance of, 55;
on Supreme Court, 68;
character of, 68;
reforms of, 68;
on Hamilton in Croswell case, 132-3;
on Hamilton's future had he lived, 143;
on privateering, 265;
answered by Young, 265-6;
asked to stand for U.S. senator, 268;
in constitutional con., 1821, 298;
freehold franchise, 299-300;
heads electoral ticket, 1832, 393;
law lectures, ii. 104;
death of, 125.

Kent, William, son of the chancellor, ii. 31;
calls Weed the "Dictator," 31;
candidate for lt.-gov., 1852, 173;
career of, 173-4;
elector on fusion Dem. ticket, 1860, 326;
criticised by Tribune, 327.

Kernan, Francis, ch'm. Dem. state con., 1861, iii. 17;
views on emancipation, 17;
refuses nomination for atty.-gen., 21;
offices held, 21;
elected to Congress, 1862, 52;
del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, 108;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
in Nat. Dem. con., 1868, 200;
advises Seymour to accept presidency, 201;
shabby treatment of, 270-1;
nominated for gov., 1872, 297;
defeated, 302;
elected to U.S. Senate, 1874, 321;
advocates gold standard, 396;
defeated for re-election, 1881, 468.

Keyser, Abraham, state treas., ii. 1.

King, John A., son of Rufus, i. 259;
on German's election as speaker, 259;
predicts division of Federal party, 259;
resents Clinton's control of Federalists, 267;
charges Van Ness with hypocrisy, 268;
president of Anti-Nebraska con., ii. 194;
at birth of Rep. party, 212;
nominated for gov., 236;
character and career of, 236-7;
elected, 241;
at peace congress, 350.

King Park, Long Island, old home of Rufus King, i. 271.

King, Preston, supports Wilmot Proviso, ii. 102, 126;
career and character of, 102;
a Barnburner, 131;
at Utica con., 131;
supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177;
withdraws from con. of Softs, 1854, 197;
at birth of Rep. party, 214;
nominated for sec. of state, 214;
elected U.S. senator, 243-5;
disapproves Weed's compromise, 339;
question of patronage, 390, 396.

Defeated for U.S. senate, 1863, iii. 54;
creditable service, 54;
deserted by Seward and Weed, 54;
del.-at-large to Rep. nat. con., 1864, 92;
supported Johnson for Vice-President, 94;
approved Seward's removal from Cabinet, 94;
early friend of President Johnson, 130;
accepts collectorship of New York, 1865, 131;
reconciliation with Seward, 131;
suicide, 131;
reasons for act, 131.

King, Rufus, U.S. senator, i. 44;
referee in Clinton-Jay contest, 57;
minister to England, 70;
disapproves disunion, 134;
spoken of for gov., 1804, 137;
candidate for Vice-President, 1804, 147;
candidate for Vice-President, 1808, 166;
defeated, 167;
opposes DeWitt Clinton for President, 202-6;
re-elected U.S. senator, 211;
charged with bargain, 211;
nominated for gov., 1816, 236;
strength of, 236;
defeated, 236;
doubts feasibility of Erie canal, 244;
votes cast for re-election to U.S. senate, 267;
resents Clinton's control of Federalists, 267;
reasons for, 267;
re-elected to U.S. senate, 269;
courageous stand of Van Buren for, 268-70;
gifts, character, and career of, 270-2;
supported war of 1812, 270;
opposed Missouri Compromise of 1820, 272;
known as champion of freedom, 272;
relations with Van Buren, 272;
declines to join Bucktail party, 272;
effort to prevent Tompkins' nomination, 277-9.

King's (Columbia) College, Gouverneur Morris a graduate of, i. 73.

Kinsella, Thomas, Brooklyn Eagle, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Kirkland, Charles S., in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 103;
on elective judiciary, 109.

Kirkpatrick, Thomas, nominated for prison insp., 1871, iii. 264;
elected, 275.

Knower, Benjamin, state treas., i. 294;
member Albany Regency, 294;
go-between of Van Buren and Clinton, 346, 348.

Know-Nothing party, see Native American party.


Labor Reform party, state con. of, 1877, iii. 384;
its principles, 389;
coalesces with Greenback party, 389;
issues call for Nat. con., 389;
see Nat.-Green.-Lab.-Reform party.

Labor Reform vote, 1870, iii. 244, note.

Ladue, Oliver, nominated for canal comr., 1862, iii. 45, note;
defeated, 51.

Laflin, Fordyce, nominated for prison insp., 1866, iii. 226;
elected, 227.

Laning, Albert P., character of, iii. 20;
patriotic sentiments, 20;
presents resolutions, 40;
del. to Nat. Dem. con., 1864, 108;
defeated for nomination for lt.-gov., 207;
ch'm. state con., 1878, 392;
rules in favour of Kelly, 393.

Lansing, Abraham G., removed as state treas., i. 165;
character of, 165;
restored as treas., 172.

Lansing, Garrett T., son of preceding, i. 165;
removed as master in chancery, 179.

Lansing, John, Jr., del. to amend Articles of Confederation, i. 29;
fitness for, 30;
withdraws from con., 30;
refuses to sign Federal Constitution, 31;
member of Poughkeepsie con., 33;
supports Clinton for gov., 1789, 43;
appointed to Supreme Court, 45;
story of his career, 129;
made chancellor, 129;
his murder, 130;
selected for gov., 1804, 131;
withdraws, 136;
reasons for, 152-3.

Lapham, Elbridge G., nominated for U.S. senator, 1881, iii. 481;
elected, 482.

Lapham, George H., nominated for state comp., 1881, iii. 484;
defeated, 486.

Lawrence, Cornelius V.R., candidate for mayor of N.Y., 1834, i. 400;
first year mayor was elective, 400;
spirited contest, 400;
elected, 401.

Lawrence, John, elected to U.S. senate, i. 70;
career and character of, 70;
prosecuted Major André, 70;
marriage of, 70.

Lawrence, Lewis, editor of Utica Republican, iii. 385.

Leavenworth, Elias W., nominated for sec. of state, ii. 258.

Lecompton constitution, character of, ii. 246;
Douglas on, 246;
see Kansas.

Ledyard, Isaac, supports Burr for gov., 1792, i. 50.

Lester, Albert, in canal debate, ii. 63.

Lewis, Harris, nominated for gov., 1879, iii. 412;
defeated, 427.

Lewis, Morgan, brother-in-law of Chancellor Livingston, i. 49;
atty.-gen., 49;
chief justice Supreme Court, 115;
nominated for gov., 1804, 136;
reasons for it, 137;
career of, 136-7;
powerful support, 137;
elected, 138;
practices nepotism, 147, 155, 156;
favours Merchants' Bank, 148, 190;
Clinton opposed to, 149-50;
secures Council, 154;
removes Clinton from mayoralty, 154-5;
opposed by Tompkins, 155;
renominated for gov., 161;
defeated, 161;
member of Council, 217;
supports Riker for Supreme Court, 217;
in war of 1812, 221;
character as a soldier, 221;
retires in disgrace, 225.

Lewis, William B., candidate for state treas., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29.

L'Hommedieu, Ezra, in first constitutional con., i. 5;
ridicules Livingston's steamboat, 76.

Liberal Republican party, organisation, 1872, iii. 280;
calls Nat. con., 280;
prominent Reps. aid movement, 280;
Greeley's reasons for joining it, 281-2;
nominate Greeley for President, 286;
ticket endorsed by Dems., 289;
defeated, 302;
leaders in N.Y. return to Rep. party, 1874, 315.

Liberal Republican state conventions, 1872, Syracuse, iii. 296;
1874, Albany, 315-6;
1875, Albany, 326;
1876, Saratoga, 337;
unites with Rep. state con., 1876, 337.

Lieutenant-governorship, not necessarily stepping stone to gov., i. 180.

Lincoln, Abraham, first meeting with Seward, ii. 143;
defeated for nomination for Vice-President, 229;
lectures in New York City, 262-4;
Greeley on, 263-4;
defeats Crittenden compromise, 344;
Greeley's relations with, 402-3.

Orders relief of Fort Sumter, iii. 1;
call for troops, 3;
reply to Greeley, 35;
letter to Seymour, 63;
to Erastus Corning on Vallandigham, 65-6;
letter to Seymour about draft, 71;
letter to Rep. state con., 1863, 77-8;
its influence, 79-80;
relations with Seward, 84;
with Weed, 85-7;
veiled opposition to, 87;
effort to postpone Rep. nat. con., 1864, 88-9;
Radicals resent his relations with Weed and Seward, 89;
renominated for President, 94;
did he suggest Johnson for Vice-President, 95;
ignores Weed's wishes, 97;
message, Dec. 1863, 98;
plan for restoration of Southern states, 98;
longs for peace, 102;
authority to Greeley, 102;
sends Hay to Niagara Falls, 103;
insists on abolition of slavery, 103;
unpopularity of, 103;
movement to substitute another candidate, 103-4 and note;
Weed and Raymond hopeless of his election, 104-5;
his iron nerve, 105;
interest in N.Y. election, 125;
elected, 125;
assassination, 127.

Lindenwald, Van Buren's home, ii. 45-6.

Litchfield, Elisha, speaker of Assembly, ii. 59;
career and character of, 59.

Littlejohn, DeWitt C., speaker of Assembly, ii. 207;
declares for Seward, 207;
opposes Greeley for U.S. senate, 364.

Livingston, Brockholst, brother-in-law of Jay, i. 6, 79;
on U.S. Supreme Court, 6;
hostility to Jay, 79;
cousin of Chancellor, 116;
appointed to state Supreme Court, 116.

Livingston, Charles L., speaker of Assembly, ii. 1.

Livingston, Edward, resents Alien-Sedition laws, i. 84;
advised to give up Jefferson for Burr, 103;
Burr thought him friendly, 103;
practises deception, 103;
U.S. atty., 104, 121;
defaulter, 104;
mayor of New York, 116;
goes to New Orleans to reside, 150;
sec. of state, ii. 1.

Livingston, Edward P., nominated for lt.-gov., 1830, i. 376;
unpopular manners, 376;
elected, 377;
defeated for renomination for lt.-gov., 1832, 395.

Livingston, Gilbert, supports Clinton for gov., 1789, i. 43;
his eloquence, 43.

Livingston, Maturin, son-in-law of Morgan Lewis, i. 147;
appointed to office, 147;
character of, 147-8;
removed from office, 151;
restored, 154;
defeated for Supreme Court, 156;
removed from office, 165.

Livingston, Peter R., hostility to DeWitt Clinton, i. 251;
makes war on, 255;
career and gifts of, 402;
joins Whig party, 1834, 402;
ch'm. of its first con., 402.

Livingston, Philip, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Livingston, Robert R., member first constitutional con., i. 5;
appointed chancellor, 16;
member of Poughkeepsie con., 33;
in campaign, 1789, 42;
hostile to Hamilton, 47;
strengthens Clinton, 47;
left out in division of offices, 48;
ceased to be a Federalist, 48;
defeats Schuyler for U.S. senate, 49;
opposes Jay, 1792, 55;
steam navigation, 75-7;
associated with Fulton, 77;
nominated for gov., 78;
hostility to Jay, 79;
appearance and character of, 79;
desires to be President, 80;
mistakes signs of times, 81;
defeated, 82;
reasons for it, 83;
his disposition, 83;
minister to France, 115;
assailed by Van Ness, 125;
without ambition for further political honours, 150.

Lockwood, Daniel N., at Dem. state con., 1882, iii. 490;
forceful presentation of Cleveland's name for gov., 490.

Locofocos, origin of title, ii. 16;
applied to Dem. party, 16.

Loomis, Arphaxed, in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 109;
character and gifts of, 110;
resents war methods, 1861, iii. 18, 19.

Lord, Jarvis B., nominated for canal com., 1861, iii. 21, note;
defeated, 29;
renominated, 1864, 120;
defeated, 125;
opposes Tilden for gov., 1874, 312;
exults over downfall of Tilden régime, 383.

Lott, John A., nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1869, iii. 226;
elected, 227.

Lowell, James Russell, declares people long for peace, 1864, iii. 101.

Ludlow, William B., opposes Union state con., 1861, iii. 15.

Ludlow, William H., chairman of Softs' con., 1854, ii. 197;
defeated, 203.

Lundy, Benjamin, original abolitionist, ii. 5;
career of, 5-7.


McCarthy, Dennis, presents Washburne's name for Vice-President, 1880, iii. 444;
moves Arthur's nomination, 445;
on Robertson's appointment, 469.

McClellan, George B., succeeds Scott, 1861, iii. 31.

McComb, Alexander, charged with corrupt conduct, i. 54;
friend of George Clinton, 54.

McDougal, Alexander, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

McGuire, Jeremiah, named as del.-at-large to Dem. nat. con., iii. 452;
delegation rejected, 458.

McIntosh, James, nominated for sec. of state, 1877, iii. 384;
defeated, 387.

McIntyre, Archibald, becomes comp., i. 151;
controversy with Tompkins, 276;
removal of, 287-9;
elected state senator, 289;
agent for state lotteries, 289.

McKean, James B., congressman, ii. 338;
disapproves Weed's compromise, 338.

Del. to People's Union con., 1861, iii. 22;
colonel 67th N.Y. regiment, 22;
nominated for sec. of state, 1867, 174;
defeated, 188.

McKelway, St. Clair, brilliant editor of Albany Argus, iii. 419;
influence of, 419;
returns to Brooklyn Eagle, 419, note.

McKenzie, William L., connected with Canadian rebellion, ii. 23-4.

McKnown, James, recorder at Albany, i. 347;
forced upon Regency, 347;
aids Van Buren's conciliatory policy, 347.

McLaughlin, Hugh, leader of Kings County Democracy, iii. 421;
favours Robinson for gov., 1879, 421.

McNeil, David B., nominated for prison insp., 1864, iii. 120;
defeated, 125;
renominated, 207;
elected, 215;
renominated, 273;
defeated, 275.

McNutt, Andrew J., nominated for prison insp., 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135.

Mackin, James, nominated for state treas., 1877, iii. 384;
elected, 387;
renominated, 1879, 424;
defeated, 427.

Madison, James, renominated for president, i. 197, 201;
character of, 199, 200;
offers Tompkins place of sec. of state, 237;
dislike of Armstrong, 238;
dislike of Monroe, 239.

Magone, Daniel, member of Tilden's canal commission, 1875, iii. 323.

Maine Liquor law, introduced by Clark, ii. 199;
vetoed by Seymour, 199.

Manhattan Bank, clever trick of Burr to charter, i. 187.

Manning, Daniel B., early career, iii. 419;
genius for political leadership, 419;
successor of Richmond, 419;
controls Robinson's candidacy, 1879, 420;
his rare tactics, 421;
ticket defeated by Kelly's bolt, 427;
controls Dem. state con., 1880, 449;
iron-clad unit rule, 450;
endorses Tilden for President, 450;
action at Dem. nat. con., 1880, 454-6;
an indefinite letter, 454;
a definite telegram, 456;
delegation's loss of prestige, 456;
controls Dem. state con., 1881, 484;
great victory, 1882, 498.

Marble, Manton, writes Dem. platform, 1876, iii. 344;
cipher dispatches, 1876, 350;
a leading Dem. editor, 420.

Marey, William L., favours King's re-election to U.S. senate, i. 269;
adjutant-general, 289;
career, character, and appearance of, 289-94;
capture of St. Regis, 293;
original member of Albany Regency, 293-4;
death of, 294;
highest mountain in state named for, 294, note;
becomes comp., 1823, 321;
appointed to Supreme Court, 360;
investigates death of Morgan, 360;
in U.S. senate, 385;
record as comp. and judge, 386;
failure as senator, 386-8;
to victors belong the spoils, 389;
injures Van Buren, 389, note;
nominated for gov., 1832, 394;
"the Marcy patch," 395;
elected, 396;
"Marcy's mortgage," 400;
renominated for gov., 1834, 403;
hot campaign, 403-4;
elected, 404.

Member of a powerful group, ii. 1;
writes for Argus, 2;
attitude toward slavery, 10;
renominated, 1836, 11;
elected, 14;
signs bank charters, 16;
renominated for gov., 1838, 22;
review of his administration, 23-5;
defeated, 28;
appointed to Mexican Claims Commission, 30;
canal policy, 49;
sec. of war, 94;
a Hunker, 127;
becomes a Barnburner, 169;
candidate for President, 1852, 169-72;
Seymour favours, 169-72;
sec. of state, 181-2.

Martindale, John H., record as a soldier, iii. 130;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1865, 130;
elected, 135.

Martling Men, forerunners of Tammany Hall, i. 132, 170;
charge Clinton with duplicity, 352.

Mason, Charles, nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188;
renominated, 1869, 226;
defeated, 227.

Matthews, James N., Buffalo Express, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Matthews, Stanley, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 283;
opposes Greeley's nomination, 283.

Maxwell, Hugh, collector port of New York City, ii. 153;
opposes Seward's endorsement, 153-4.

Maxwell, Robert A., nominated for state treas., 1881, iii. 484;
elected, 486.

May, Samuel J., rescues a fugitive slave, ii. 165.

Mead, Sidney, nominated for canal com., 1873, iii. 308;
defeated, 309.

Mears, John W., nominated for gov., 1879, iii. 412;
defeated, 427.

Meigs, Henry, member of Congress, i. 285;
correspondence with Van Buren, 285.

Mellspaugh, George W., nominated for prison insp., 1873, iii. 309;
defeated, 309.

Merritt, Edwin A., attended Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296;
on com. to confer with Dems., 296;
nominated for state treas., 1875, 325;
defeated, 331;
nominated for surveyor of port of New York, 1877, 399;
confirmation defeated, 404-5;
appointed collector of customs, 1878, 406;
career and character, 406;
able administrator, 406;
confirmed, 409;
nominated for con.-gen. to London, 1881, 469;
confirmed, 477.

Miller, Elijah, father-in-law of Seward, i. 318;
early friend of Weed, 318.

Miller, Jedediah, opposes Tompkins' accounts, i. 276.

Miller, Theodore, nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1874, iii. 314;
elected, 319.

Miller, Warner, early career, iii. 467;
character and ability, 467;
aids election of Platt to U.S. senate, 1881, 468;
nominated for U.S. senator, 480;
elected, 481;
ch'm. state Rep. con., 1881, 485.

Minthorne, Mangle, daughter married Tompkins, i. 161;
leader of Martling Men, 161;
bitter opponent of Clinton, 161, 181.

Missouri Compromise of 1820, i. 272, ii. 190;
repeal of, ii. 190-5;
Seward on, 191;
excitement over, 192-5;
opposition to, 193-5;
John Van Buren on, 195;
Marcy on, 195.

Mitchell, Samuel Latham, character of, i. 74;
friend of Priestly, 74;
attainments of, 75;
member of Assembly, 75;
steam navigation, 75;
associated with R.R. Livingston, 77;
friend of DeWitt Clinton, 108;
in U.S. senate, 170.

Mohawk River, early schemes for its navigation, i. 242.

Mohawk River Valley, attracts New Englanders, i. 81.

Monroe, James, disliked by Madison, i. 239;
helped by Van Buren, 240.

Mooers, Benjamin, deserts DeWitt Clinton, i. 279.

Moore, Sir Henry, projects canal around Little Falls, i. 242.

"Morey letter," in campaign, 1880, iii. 462;
Garfield brands it a forgery, 462;
fictitious character made clear, 462;
used by Dems. with great force, 462.

Morgan, Christopher, sec. of state, ii. 127.

Morgan, Edwin D., at birth of Rep. party, ii. 213;
nominated for gov., 1858, 248;
character and career of, 248;
elected, 255;
at Chicago con., 1860, 283;
renominated for gov., 1860, 328;
elected, 333;
conservative appeal to Legislature, 348.

Forwards troops promptly, 1861, iii. 7;
acts as agent of President, 7;
thinks Wadsworth available for gov., 1862, 42;
declines renomination, 1862, 44;
creditable record, 44;
elected to U.S. senate, 1863, 54;
taste for political life, 54;
criticised, 55;
at Rep. state con., 1863, 74;
bitter feeling against, 74;
urges Lincoln's renomination, 87;
supports Johnson, 142;
votes to override veto, 142;
seeks re-election to U.S. senate, 1869, 219;
weakened by association with Johnson, 219;
supported by Conkling's followers, 220;
defeated by Fenton, 222;
at Rep. nat. con., 1876, 333;
nominated for gov., 1876, 338;
defeated, 350;
declines secretaryship of treasury, 1881, 486.

Morgan, William, career of, i. 359;
disclosure of Free Masonry, 359;
abduction of, 359;
left at Fort Niagara, 359;
drowned in Lake Ontario, 360;
excitement over crime, 359-60;
investigation of, 360;
punishment of conspirators, 360;
see Anti-Masons.

Morris, Gouverneur, elected to U.S. senate, i. 71;
family of, 71-2;
association with Hamilton and Jay, 73;
conservatism of, 74;
life in Paris, 74, note;
opposes Burr, 100;
supports DeWitt Clinton for President, 202-6;
favours disunion, 228;
predicts construction of Erie canal, 241;
canal commissioner, 243.

Morris, Lewis, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
served in Continental Congress, 72;
family of, 71-4.

Morris, Richard, in first constitutional con., i. 5;
nomination as gov. desired, 39;
character of, 40;
on Hamilton's speech at Poughkeepsie, 40;
treatment of Gouverneur, his half brother, 72.

Morris, Robert, member of Poughkeepsie con., i. 33.

Morris, Staats Long, served in Parliament, i. 73;
family of, 71-4.

Morrissey, John, opposes Dix for gov., 1866, iii. 158;
breaks with Kelly, 1875, 325;
faction known as "Swallow-tails," 325;
delegation rejected by Dem. state con., 325;
organises Irving Hall, 1875, 331;
runs for state senator, 331;
endorsed by Reps., 331;
elected, 331;
reunites with Kelly, 1876, 346;
opposes Kelly, 1877, 382-3;
runs for state senator against Schell, 1877, 386;
fierce fight, 386;
great victory, 388;
death, 388.

Morton, Levi P., defeated for Congress, 1876, iii. 350;
elected, 1878, 397;
declines to become a candidate for Vice-President, 1880, 444;
acts upon Conkling's advice, 444;
choice of Conkling for U.S. senator, 1881, 465;
suggested for sec. of treas. and navy, 468;
declines secretaryship of navy, 1881, 469;
becomes ambassador to France, 1881, 469.

Morton, Oliver P., speaks in New York, iii. 282;
prophecy as to Lib. Rep. nat. con., 282.

Mosely, Daniel, appointed to Supreme Court, i. 366.

Mozart Hall, organisation of, 1858, iii. 30;
represents Fernando Wood, 30;
nominates Wood for mayor, 30;
defeated, 29;
after 1866 failed to present a ticket, 268, note.

Mulligan, John W., appointed surrogate of New York, i. 179.

Murphy, Henry C., character of, iii. 156;
aspirant for gov., 1866, 156;
active in campaign, 1867, 186;
at Dem. nat. con., 1868, 197;
heads com. on res., 197;
career of, 197;
aspirant for gov., 1868, 205.

Murphy, Thomas, charges Fenton with graft, 1869, iii. 221;
appointed collector of New York, 1870, 233;
bitter criticism of, 233;
by whom recommended, 233;
Conkling secures his confirmation, 235;
contest with Fenton, 234-5;
changes made in custom-house, 251, note;
efforts to crush Fenton machine, 250-63;
severely criticised, 279;
supports Crowley for U.S. senate, 1881, 465.

Myers, Charles G., presents Dix's name for gov., 1862, iii. 44.


Nast, Thomas, cartoons Tweed ring, iii. 245;
rejects enormous bribe, 245;
startling cartoon, 274;
Tweed proposes to stop the paper, 274.

National Advocate, edited by Noah, i. 262;
opposition to Erie canal, 262;
silenced, 262.

National Greenback Labor Reform party, iii. 389;
hist. of its organisation, 389;
con. Syracuse, 1878, 389;
its principles, 389;
represents large vote, 397;
its influence on Dem. party, 397;
holds state con., 1879, 412.

National Republicans, followers of Adams, 1828, i. 361;
adopt ticket of Anti-Masons, 1832, 393;
reason for defeat, 396;
party, 1834, becomes Whig, 399.

National Union state convention, 1866, iii. 154;
substitute for Dem. state con., 154;
attended by Reps. and Dems., 155;
Dix defeated by Hoffman for gov., 1866, 159;
platform for home rule, 160.

Native American party, organised, 1844, ii. 82;
opposed foreigners voting or holding office, 82;
confined to New York City, 82;
elected a mayor, 1844, 82;
in constitutional con., 1846, 97-100;
revived, 1854, as Know-Nothings, 201;
secret methods of, 201;
Seward opposed to, 201-2;
unknown strength of, 202-3;
Silver-Grays partial to, 202;
nominations, 1854, 202;
defeated, 204;
its con., 1855, 214;
elected its ticket, 216;
defeated, 1858, 255;
endorse Reps. and Dems., 1859, 258-9;
Wilson on, 259.

Negro suffrage, i. 299-300.

Left it to Southern state, iii. 128;
Greeley advocates it, 128;
Weed and Raymond oppose it, 130;
Rep. state con., 1865, dodges it, 133;
not squarely met, 1866, 153;
aids to defeat Rep. party, 1867, 185-7;
defeats Constitution of 1867, 227.

Nelson, Absolom, nominated for canal com., 1870, iii. 238;
defeated, 244.

Nelson, Homer A., nominated for sec. of state, 1869, iii. 226;
elected, 227;
aspires to be gov., 1872, 297;
again an aspirant for gov., 1882, 488.

Nelson, Samuel, member of constitutional con., 1821, i. 298;
career of, 298;
investigates death of Morgan, 360;
made justice of U.S. Supreme Court, ii. 97, 103;
in constitutional con., 1846, 103.

Nepotism, practised by DeWitt Clinton, i. 117, 347;
Gov. Lewis, 147;
Gov. Yates, 321;
Gov. Bouck, ii. 57.

Gov. Seymour, iii. 80;
Gov. Dix, 316.

Newspapers, leading Rep. journals in state, iii. 413-4;
leading Dem. journals in state, 420.

New York City merchants, their losses, 1861, iii. 31.

New York City, work of radicals in, i. 1;
census of, 1820, 295.

New York, Colony of, tainted with Toryism, i. 23.

New York draft-riot, 1863, iii. 68, 69.

New York Evening Post, established by Hamilton and Jay, i. 117;
edited by William Coleman, 117.

New York Legislature, gerrymander of, iii. 397-8.

New York troops, promptly forwarded after Lincoln's call, 1861, iii. 7;
engaged at battle of Bull Run, 12, note.

Nicholas, John, member of Council of Appointment, 1807, i. 156.

Nichols, Asher P., nominated for state comp., 1870, iii. 231;
elected, 244;
renominated, 1871, 273;
defeated, 275;
renominated, 308;
defeated, 309.

Noah, Mordecai Manesseh, editor National Advocate, i. 262;
character and career of, 262, 351;
opposed to Erie canal, 262;
opposition silenced by Van Buren, 262;
supports Clinton for gov., 1826, 351.

North, S. Newton Dexter, Albany Express, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

North, William, elected to U.S. senate, i. 70;
service and character of, 71;
on staff of Baron Steuben, 71 and note;
speaker of Assembly, 171.

Nott, Eliphalet, President Union College, ii. 34.

Noyes, William Curtis, at peace congress, ii. 350.

Presents letter from Morgan, 1862, iii. 44;
would welcome Lincoln's withdrawal, 1864, 104.


O'Conor, Charles, in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 104;
opposes negro suffrage, 107;
on elective judiciary, 109;
opposed constitution of 1846, 112;
conservatism of, 112;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1848, 134;
career of, 134-5;
in campaign, 1852, 178;
declines to support the Softs, 186.

Sympathy with the South, iii. 4;
supports' Tilden's attack upon the Tweed ring, 268;
letter to Dem. state con., 1871, 272;
credits Tilden with impeachment of Tweed judges, 293.

O'Rourke, Matthew J., aids in exposure of Tweed ring, iii. 246;
estimated aggregate of sum stolen, 248-9.

Oakley, Thomas J., surrogate of Dutchess County, i. 171;
removed, 179;
friend of Clinton, 254;
displaces Van Buren as atty.-gen., 273;
opposes Tompkins' accounts, 276;
removed as atty.-gen., 287.

Oaksmith, Appleton, del. to seceding states, ii. 351-2.

Office-seekers, number and persistence of, ii. 388-9.

Ogden, Darius A., nominated for canal com., 1876, iii. 347;
elected, 351.

"Ohio Idea," The, iii. 179-181.

Olcott, Frederick P., nominated for state comp., 1877, iii. 384;
elected, 387;
renominated, 1879, 424;
defeated, 427.

Olcott, Thomas W., financier of Albany Regency, ii. 20;
refuses nomination for state comp., 1863, iii. 74.

Opdyke, George, acts as agent of U.S. Government, 1861, iii. 7;
elected mayor of N.Y., 1861, 29;
career and character, 30;
at Rep. state con., 1863, 74;
loses place on state com., 74;
favours new candidate in place of Lincoln, 104, and note.

Orr, Alexander E., member of Tilden's canal commission, 1875, iii. 323.

Ostrander, Catherine, wife of Weed, i. 318;
true love match, 319;
waited for him three years, 319.

Ottendorfer, Oswald, editor N.Y. Staats-zeitung, iii. 268;
efforts at reform, 268;
at Dem. state con., 1871, 272;
influence, 272.


Palmer, Abiah W., nominated for state comp., 1870, iii. 238;
defeated, 244.

Parker, Amasa J., nominated for gov., 1856, ii. 232-3;
career and ability of, 233-4;
defeated, 241;
nominated for gov., 1858, 249;
defeated, 255;
at Dem. state peace con., 354;
president of, 354.

President of Dem. state con., 1863, iii. 79;
aspirant for gov., 1864, 118;
presented for gov., 1874, 313;
president of Kelly's state con., 1880, 451;
named as del.-at-large to Nat. con., 452;
delegation refused admission, 457;
part in spectacular reconciliation, 458.

Parkhurst, John, nominated for prison insp., 1870, iii. 238;
defeated, 244.

Parmenter, Roswell A., nominated for atty.-gen., 1881, iii. 484;
defeated, 486.

Parrish, Daniel, state senator, i. 178.

Patrick, J.N.H., dispatches to Pelton from Oregon, 1876, iii. 351.

Patrick, Marsena R., nominated for state treas., 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135.

Patterson, George W., to Weed about Fillmore, ii. 79;
in constitutional con., 1846, 103;
on elective judiciary, 109;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1848, 140;
character of, 140;
defeated for state comp., 165;
Greeley on, 165-6;
ambitious to be gov., 1852, 173.

Payn, Louis P., renominated for U.S. marshal, 1881, iii. 469;
nomination withdrawn, 475;
warns Conkling and Platt of defeat, 481;
chided by Sharpe, 481;
prophecy fulfilled, 481, note.

Peace congress, 1861, ii. 350;
suggested by Virginia, 350;
adopted by Legislature of New York, 350;
dels. to, 350;
convened at Washington, 358;
its work and results, 358-60.

Peaceable secession, Greeley advocates, ii. 335-6;
also Abolitionists, 336;
preferable to civil war, 347, 355.

Peck, Jedediah, opposed Alien-Sedition laws, i. 89;
arrested, 89;
creates great excitement, 89.

Peckham, Rufus H., a supporter of Tilden, iii. 422;
cool and determined, 422;
in Dem. state con., 1879, 422;
at Dem. nat. con., 1880, 457.

Peckham, Rufus W., opposes repeal of Missouri Compromise, ii. 195.

Pelton, William T., nephew of Tilden, iii. 350;
lived in Tilden's house, 350;
cipher dispatches, 350-1.

People's party, supports Adams, 1824, i. 324;
stood for popular election of Presidential electors, 324;
resented defeat of the measure, 326;
Tallmadge and Wheaton lead it, 324;
secedes from Utica con., 331-2;
supports Clinton, 1826, 350;
joins Nat. Rep. party, 1828, 361.

People's Union convention, 1861, iii. 21, 22.

Perkins, Edward O., nominated for clerk of Court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135.

Perrin, Edward O., nominated for clerk of Court of Appeals, 1868, iii. 207;
elected, 215.

Perry, Oliver H., victory on Lake Erie, i. 225.

Phelps, Oliver, nominated for lt.-gov. with Burr, 1804, i. 131;
character of, 138.

Philadelphia Union convention, 1866, iii. 144;
Dix the ch'm., 144;
Richmond and Weed managers, 144;
Raymond heads resolution committee, 144;
picturesque features, 144.

Phillips, Wendell, opposition to arbitrary arrests, 1862, iii. 19, note.

Pierce, Franklin, nominated for President, 1852, ii. 169-72;
elected, 179;
humiliated Dix, 182, note;
appoints Marcy sec. of state, 182.

Pierrepont, Edwards, life and character of, iii. 155;
favoured Dix for gov., 1866, 155;
sudden change to Hoffman, 159;
Weed's surprise, 159.

Pitcher, Nathaniel, elected lt.-gov., i. 352;
career of, 366;
character of, 366;
acting gov., 366;
appointments of, 366;
defeated for renomination by Van Buren, 366;
ceases to act with Jackson party, 367.

Pitt, William, compared with Hamilton, i. 3.

Platt, Jonas, defeated for Supreme Court, i. 156;
character of, 156, 173-4;
nominated for gov., 173;
assails embargo, 174;
betrayed by prejudices, 176;
defeated for gov., 179;
supports Clinton for mayor, 213;
and for gov., 1817, 248;
retires from Supreme Court, 323;
later career and death of, 323.

Platt, Moss K., nominated for prison insp., 1873, iii. 308;
endorsed by Liberals, 309;
elected, 309.

Platt, Thomas C., early career, iii. 363;
character and ability, 364;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1877, 364;
candidate for U.S. senate, 1881, 465;
Stalwart leaders divide, 465;
supported by Cornell, 465;
opposed by Arthur, Sharpe, Murphy, and Smyth, 465;
promise made to Half-breeds, 468;
with their aid nominated in caucus, 468;
elected, 468;
Robertson's appointment, Mar. 23, 469;
failure of his efforts to have it withdrawn, 475;
tenders resignation, May 16, 476;
reasons for it, 477-8;
seeks re-election at Albany, 478;
Rep. caucus refused, 479;
first ballot gives highest vote, 479;
withdraws as a candidate, July 1, 480;
successor elected, July 16, 481.

Platt, Zephaniah, father of Jonas Platt, i. 156;
character and career of, 156;
founded Plattsburgh, 156;
served in Legislature and in Congress, 156.

Plumb, Joseph, nominated for lt.-gov. by Abolitionists, 1850, ii. 156.

Political campaigns, begin 1789, i. 44;
abusive, 1792, 52;
young men in, 56 and note;
modern methods introduced, 90.

Pomeroy, Theodore M., at Rep. nat. con., 1876, iii. 334;
aspires to be gov., 1879, 414;
career and character of, 414 and note.

Porter, John K., in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 104;
nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1865, iii. 130;
elected, 135.

Porter, Peter B., supports Burr, 1804, i. 138;
removed as county clerk, 147;
character and career of, 148;
member of Congress, 148;
secretary of war, 148;
appointed sec. of state, 233;
canal com., 213;
opposed Clinton for gov., 1817, 249;
brilliant war record, 249;
eloquence of, 250;
nominated for gov. by Tam., 251;
defeated, 252;
aspirant for gov., 1822, 318;
supports Clay, 1824, 324;
nominated for Assembly, 1827, 358.

Porter, Peter A., declines nomination for sec. of state, 1863, iii. 75;
prefers military to civil office, 75.

Post, Henry, confidential correspondent of DeWitt Clinton, i. 243.

Potter, Clarkson N., aspires to be gov., 1876, iii. 345;
president of Dem. state con., 1777, 384;
failure of fraud investigation, 395 and note;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1879, 424;
defeated, 427;
candidate for U.S. senate, 1881, 482;
defeated, 482.

Poughkeepsie convention, ratifies Federal Constitution, i. 33;
number of dels., 33;
champions of Constitution, 33;
opponents of, 33;
date of ratification, 35;
vote on, 36.

Powell, Archibald C., nominated for state eng., 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188.

Pratt, Daniel, nominated for atty.-gen., 1873, iii. 308;
elected, 309.

Prince, L. Bradford, nominated for naval officer, 1877, iii. 399;
not confirmed, 405.

Privateers in war of 1812, Samuel Young's description of, i. 266.

Prohibition, issue, 1854, ii. 203;
law passed, 210;
declared unconstitutional, 210.

Prohibition party organised, 1874, iii. 316;
nominated Clark for gov., 1874, 316;
total vote, 319;
state con., 1875, 326;
state con., 1876, 346;
state con., 1877, 384;
state con., 1878, 392;
state con., 1879, 412;
principles of, 412.

Pruyn, Robert H., aspirant for gov., 1866, iii. 156;
services of, 156;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1866, 159;
defeated, 165.

Pulitzer, Joseph, N.Y. World, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Purcell, William, supporter of Tam., iii. 383;
editor Rochester Union Advertiser, 420;
a leading journalist, 420;
nominated for sec. of state, 1881, 484;
defeated, 486.

Purdy, Ebenezer, state senator, i. 149;
charged with bribery, 149, 190;
character of, 190;
resigns to escape expulsion, 191.

Putnam, James O., a Silver-Gray, ii. 156;
eloquence of, 156;
votes for Babcock for U.S. senator, 1855, 207;
favours union of American and Rep. parties, 249;
elector-at-large, 328;
Americans follow him into Rep. party, 332.


"Quids," nickname for Gov. Lewis' followers, 1806, i. 152.


Radcliff, Jacob, appointed on Supreme Court, i. 68;
life of, 69;
character and appearance of, 69;
becomes mayor of New York City, 172;
removed, 179.

Radical and Conservative Democrats, difference in canal policy, ii. 53.

Radicals, faction of Dem. party, ii. 52, 126;
opposed state debt to construct canal, 52, 126;
leaders of, 53, 126;
called Barnburners after supporting the Wilmot Proviso, 126;
see Barnburners.

Raines, Thomas, nominated for state treas., 1871, iii. 264;
elected, 275;
joins Lib. Rep. party, 307;
dropped by Reps., 307;
renominated by Dems., 1873, 308;
elected, 309.

Randall, Henry S., biographer of Jefferson, ii. 324;
Barnburner, 324;
ch'm. of Hards' state con., 1860, 324.

Randolph, John, teller when J.Q. Adams was elected President, i. 343.

Rapallo, Charles J., nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1880, iii. 460;
defeated, 463.

Raymond, Henry Jarvis, in Assembly, ii. 159;
speaker, 159;
career and gifts of, 159-61;
editor of N.Y. Courier, 160;
established N.Y. Times, 160;
quarrels with Webb, 161;
supports Fish for U.S. senate, 162;
ambition to be gov., 1852, 173;
at Anti-Nebraska con., 194;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1854, 199;
deep offence to Greeley, 199-200;
elected, 204;
at birth of Rep. party, 213;
active, 1856, 240;
favours Douglas for U.S. senator, 247;
at Chicago con., 283;
calls Greeley a disappointed office-seeker, 306-7;
Greeley's letter to Seward, 1854, 307;
endorses Weed's compromise, 337.

Elected to Assembly, iii. 29;
upholds Lincoln's policy, 42;
favours Dix, 1862, 42;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1862, 44;
replies to Seymour, 44;
candidate for U.S. senate, 1863, 55;
del.-at-large to Rep. nat. con., 1864, 92;
reports the platform, 93;
supports Johnson for Vice-President, 94;
zenith of his influence, 95;
why he supported Johnson, 95;
did Lincoln whisper to him, 96;
writes Lincoln of hopeless situation, 105-6;
elected to Congress, 1864, 126;
great victory, 126;
supports President Johnson, 132;
enters Congress, 137;
prestige of, 138;
his maiden speech, 138;
defeated, 141;
sustains veto, 142;
his fickleness, 142;
satirised by Stevens, 142, note;
hesitates to attend Philadelphia con., 1866, 143;
Seward urges him on, 143;
extreme views, 145;
removed from Rep. Nat. Ex. Com., 145;
Congress added no fame, 145;
mental weariness, 146;
refuses to support Hoffman for gov., 161;
returns to Rep. party, 161;
supports Fenton with loyalty, 161;
declines to run for Congress, 161;
sincerity of, 161;
brilliant life cut short, 175.

Redfield, Herman J., kept out of office, i. 348.

Ch'm. Dem. state con., 1861, ii. 17;
his views on the war, 18;
prophecy of, 18.

Reed, Thomas B., Conkling's attack on Curtis found in scrap-book, iii. 374, note;
listed among masterpieces of sarcasm and invective, 374.

Reeves, Henry A., Greenport Republican Watchman, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Reid, Whitelaw, N.Y. Tribune, iii. 414;
leading Rep. editor, 414;
telegram about Robertson's appointment, 472-3.

Renwick, James, characteristics of Tompkins, i. 215.

Republican national conventions,
Baltimore, 1864, iii. 93;
Chicago, 1868, 192;
Philadelphia, 1872, 291-2;
Cincinnati, 1876, 333-5;
Chicago, 1880, 438-46.

Republican party, Anti-Nebraska con., ii. 194;
Greeley favoured its organisation, 1854, 200;
Weed and Seward opposed, 200;
Greeley named it, 211;
Executive Committee appointed, 1854, 211;
formal organisation, 1855, 211-4;
its platform, 213;
Seward's speech for, 217-8;
Silver-Grays defeat it, 219;
Weed and Seward criticised, 219-20;
carried state for Fremont and King, 241-2;
elect gov., 1858, 255;
made up of young men, 328-9;
elect Lincoln and Morgan, 333;
desired peace, 360.

Republican State Committee, proposes a Union state con., 1861, iii. 15.

Republican state conventions, 1861, Syracuse, iii. 21;
1862, Syracuse, 44;
1863, Syracuse, 73;
1864, Syracuse, 90, 115;
1865, Syracuse, 129;
1866, Syracuse, 150;
1867, Syracuse, 172;
1868, Syracuse, 193;
1869, Syracuse, 225;
1870, Saratoga, 235;
1871, Syracuse, 257;
1872, Utica, 292;
1873, Utica, 307;
1874, Utica, 315;
1875, Saratoga, 324;
1876, Saratoga, 336-9;
1877, Rochester, 362-77;
1878, Saratoga, 301;
1879, Saratoga, 412-8;
1880, Utica, 429-34;
1881, Saratoga, 485;
1882, Saratoga, 492.

Reynolds, Marcus T., wit of, ii. 390.

Rhodes, William C., nominated for prison director, 1861, iii. 21, note.

Richmond, Dean, original Barnburner, ii. 131;
leadership at Charleston con., 1860, 270-9;
character and career of, 271-2;
believed to be for Seymour, 276, 298, note, 299;
sustains two-thirds rule, 277;
defeats Douglas' nomination under rule, 277-8;
sustains admission of contestants, 300;
Dickinson's attack on, 302-3;
intentions of, 303;
calls Dem. state peace con., 354.

Opposes a Union state con., 1861, iii. 15;
reasons therefor, 16;
appeal to Seymour, 38, 39;
draft circular, 82;
del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, 101;
opposes Seymour for President, 107;
supports McClellan, 107;
supports Johnson, and manages Saratoga and Philadelphia conventions, 1866, 144;
favours Dix for gov., 1866, 155;
sudden death, 158;
first unofficial man in America, 159;
dies in home of Tilden, 265, note.

Richmond Enquirer, resents unanimity of the North, 1861, iii. 9, 10.

Richmond Examiner, resents Unionism in New York, 1861, iii. 9, 10.

Richmond, Henry A., son of Dean, iii. 39, note;
succeeds father on state committee, 265, note.

Richmond, Van Rensselaer, nominated for state eng., 1869, iii. 226;
elected, 227,
renominated, 1871, 273;
defeated, 275.

Riker, Richard, dist.-atty., i. 117;
assailed by Van Ness, 124;
acts as second for DeWitt Clinton, 127;
Clinton fails to support him for Supreme Court, 218;
affection for Clinton turned into hate, 218;
Clinton removed him as recorder, 273.

Roberts, Ellis H., character and services of, iii. 169;
aids Conkling's election to U.S. senate, 1867, 170;
defeats Conkling's candidate for state senate, 1877, 388 and note.

Roberts, Marshall O., attends Saratoga con., 1866, iii. 144;
aspires to be gov., 1870, 237;
Fenton's candidate, 237;
approves books of Tweed's comp., 245;
secedes from Rep. state con., 1871, 264;
meets with a separate body, 264;
among supporters of Greeley, 1872, 283.

Robertson, William H., early career, iii. 293;
character and ability, 293;
aspires to be gov., 1872, 293;
opposition, 293;
defeated by Dix, 293;
beginning of dislike of Conkling, 294;
declines nomination for state comp., 1874, 325;
votes for Blaine at Rep. nat. con., 1876, 335;
aspirant for gov., 1876, 337;
suggested for gov., 1879, 414;
decides to vote for Blaine, 1880, 436;
his letter, 437;
other Half-breeds follow, 437;
votes for Blaine at Rep. nat. con., 1880, 441;
nominated for collector of customs, Mar. 23, 1881, 469;
a surprise, 469;
reports and theories, 469-70;
a Blaine triumph, 470-1;
endorsed by Legislature, 472;
efforts at compromise, 472;
confirmed, 476.

Robinson, John C., nominated for state eng., 1869, iii. 226;
withdraws from ticket, 226;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1872, iii. 296;
elected, 302;
renominated, 1874, 315;
defeated, 319;
name presented for gov., 1882, 492.

Robinson, Lucius, candidate for state comp., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29;
valuable services, 74;
renominated, 1863, 74;
elected, 83;
signs call for Cleveland con., 1864, 90;
resents infringement of rights of individuals and states, 90;
letter to Cleveland con., 92;
declares Administration guilty of mistakes, 92;
suggests nomination of Grant, 93;
prefers a candidate other than Lincoln, 104 and note;
Dems. renominate him for state comp., 1865, 129;
a political somersault, 129;
kind words by Reps., 129;
a faithful official, 129;
defeated, 135;
aspires to be gov., 1872, 297;
nominated for state comp., 1874, 326;
elected, 331;
nominated for gov., 1876, 340;
elected, 350;
character of administration, 379;
leadership at Dem. state con., 1877, 379;
Kelly opposes old ticket, 382;
relies upon Hill's ruling, 382;
Tilden régime routed, 383;
denounces Rep. gerrymander, 397-8;
removes Kelly's henchman, 418;
accepted as declaration of war, 418;
Kelly's charges, 420;
renominated for gov., 424;
Kelly bolts, 424;
defeated, 427.

Rochester, William B., character and career of, i. 350;
nominated for gov., 1826, 350;
proved strong candidate, 351;
defeated, 352;
believed Van Buren's support insincere, 352;
proposed for U.S. senator, 352;
lost at sea, 352, note.

Rogers, Sherman S., nominated for lt.-gov., 1876, iii. 338-39;
defeated, 350;
candidate for U.S. senate, 1881, 467.

Roosevelt, Theodore, nominated for collector of customs, 1878, iii. 399;
not confirmed, 405;
died, 1879, 406.

Root, Erastus, gifts and character of, i. 85;
career of, 86;
friend of Burr, 86;
opposes Alien-Sedition laws, 86;
strikes at nullification, 87;
his opinion of Burr and Hamilton, 91;
supports Burr, 1804, 138;
defence of methods used by State Bank, 188-9;
changes views in case of Merchants' Bank, 191;
opposes Bank of America, 196;
makes war on Clinton, 255;
unfriendly to Erie canal, 261;
opposition silenced, 262;
favours settlement of Tompkins' accounts, 276;
conspicuous work in constitutional con., 1821, 299-310;
aspirant for gov., 1822, 313;
sent to Assembly, 1827, 357;
sought nomination for gov., 1830, 376;
leaves Jackson party, 1832, 394;
death of, ii. 104.

Roseboom, Robert, member of Council of Appointment, i. 107;
controlled by DeWitt Clinton, 107.

Ross, Charles N., nominated for state treas., 1874, iii. 326;
elected, 331.

Rouse, Caspar M., accused David Thomas of bribery, i. 193.

Ruger, William C., elected chief judge of Court of Appeals, 1882, iii. 499.

Ruggles, Charles H., in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 109;
chairman judiciary com., 109;
nominated for Court of Appeals, 184;
character of, 184;
elected, 189.

Ruggles, Samuel B., Seward's reliance upon, ii. 34.

Russell, Leslie W., nominated for atty.-gen., 1881, iii. 485;
elected, 486.


Sage, Russell, in Congress, ii. 195;
opposes repeal of Missouri Compromise, 195.

Sanders, John, member of Council of Appointment, i. 107.

Sanford, Nathan, career and character of, i. 170;
defends embargo, 170-1;
opposes DeWitt Clinton for President, 203;
elected U.S. senator, 233;
succeeded by Van Buren, 286;
succeeded by Jones for chancellor, 347;
re-elected U.S. senator, 347.

Saratoga Union convention, 1866, iii. 144;
attended by Reps. and Dems., 144;
appoints dels. to Johnson's Philadelphia con., 144.

Savage, Edward, member Council of Appointment, 1807, i. 156.

Savage, John, appointed Supreme Court judge, i. 322.

Schell, Augustus, at Charleston con., ii. 272;
aspires to be gov., 1872, iii. 297;
opposes Tilden, 1876, 342;
candidate for state senator, 386;
opposed by Morrissey, 386;
fierce fight, 386;
defeated, 388;
nominated for mayor by Tam., 394;
defeated, 396;
leads the Tam. bolt, 1879, 423;
refused admission to Dem. nat. con., 1880, 457;
part in spectacular reconciliation, 458.

Scheu, Solomon B., nominated for prison insp., 1870, iii. 231;
elected, 244.

Schoonmaker, Augustus, nominated for atty.-gen., 1877, iii. 384;
elected, 387;
renominated, 1879, 424;
defeated, 427;
nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1881, 484;
defeated, 486.

Schurz, Carl, reports upon Southern sentiment, iii. 136;
opposes Ku Klux Act, 276;
favours universal amnesty, 277;
criticism of Grant's administration, 278;
organises Lib. Rep. movement, 280;
ch'm. of Lib. Rep. con., 283;
opposes Greeley for President, 283.

Schuyler, George W., nominated for state treas., 1863, iii. 76;
elected, 83.

Schuyler, Philip, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
suggested for gov., 17;
public career of, 17;
Kent on, 17;
Webster on, 18;
characteristics of, 18;
called "Great Eye," 18, note;
surprised by Clinton's election as gov., 21;
elected U.S. senator, 44;
defeated for re-election, 49;
combination against him, 49;
member of Council of Appointment, 61;
nominates Benson, 61;
claims concurrent right with gov., 61;
justification of, 62;
re-elected to U.S. senate, 70;
resigns, 70;
example in Council followed by DeWitt Clinton, 110.

Scott, George F., nominated for state comp., 1861, iii. 21, note;
defeated, 29.

Scott, John Morin, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
leads radicals in, 13;
ch'm. Council of Safety, 16;
suggested for gov., 17;
Adams on, 18;
Jones on, 18;
ancestry of, 19;
career of, 19.

Scott, Winfield, valour at Queenstown Heights, i. 223;
opinion of Wilkinson, 223;
promoted, 225;
bravery at Lundy's Lane, 226;
brilliant leadership, 227;
candidate for President, 1852, ii. 166-7;
tour through New York, 176;
regarded as Seward's candidate, 175;
confident of election, 179;
defeated, 179.

Disapproves relief of Fort Sumter, iii. 1;
disapproves battle of Bull Run, 11.

"Scratchers," a faction of Rep. party, iii. 424;
origin of name, 424.

Scribner, G. Hilton, defeated for ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1871, iii. 258-9;
nominated for sec. of state, 1871, 264;
elected, 275.

Seceders, Barnburners from Hunkers, ii. 127;
Silver-Grays from Seward Whigs, 155;
Dem. senators from state senate, 163;
Hunkers from Barnburners, 180;
anti-slavery members from Softs, 197;
Wood delegation from Dem. state con., 249.

Secretary of state, stepping stone to Presidency, i. 364.

Sedgwick, Charles B., character of, iii. 55;
candidate for U.S. senate, 1863, 55;
defeated, 55.

Selden, Henry S., nominated for lt.-gov., ii. 237;
family of, 237;
character and career of, 236-7.

Suggested for U.S. senate, 1863, iii. 55;
nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1863, 76;
elected, 83;
joins Lib. Rep. party, 284;
attends its Nat. con., 284;
opposes scheme of Fenton, 284.

Selden, Samuel L., nominated for Court of Appeals, ii. 211;
elected, 219;
brother of Henry R., 237;
character and career of, 237-8.

Selkreg, John H., Ithaca Journal, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 414.

Senate, state, number of members in first, i. 9;
election of, 9;
how apportioned, 9;
powers of, 9;
model of, 9;
who could vote for, 9.

Senate, United States, its enormous power, i. 118;
membership in it preferred to the governorship, 364;
years of its greatness, 386.

Senators, United States, service of Rufus King, 1789-96, i. 44;
Philip Schuyler, 1789-91, 44;
Aaron Burr, 1791-7, 49;
John Lawrence, 1796-1801, 70;
Philip Schuyler, 1797-8, 70;
John Sloss Hobart, 1798, 70;
William North, 1798, 70;
James Watson, 1798-1800, 70;
Gouverneur Morris, 1800-3, 71;
John Armstrong, 1801-2, 118;
DeWitt Clinton, 1802-3, 118;
John Armstrong, 1803-4, 118;
Theodorus Bailey, 1804, 156;
Samuel L. Mitchell, 1804-9, 170;
John Smith, 1804-15, 170;
Obadiah German, 1809-15, 170;
Rufus King, 1815-27, 211, 269;
Nathan Sanford, 1815-21, 233;
Martin Van Buren, 1821-8, 286;
Charles B. Dudley, 1829-33, 383;
Nathan Sanford, 1827-31, 347;
William L. Marcy, 1831-2, 385.

Silas Wright, 1833-44, ii. 1, 65;
Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, 1833-44, 39;
Daniel S. Dickinson, 1845-51, 93;
Henry A. Foster, 1844-5, 93;
John A. Dix, 1845-9, 93;
William H. Seward, 1849-61, 145, 205;
Hamilton Fish, 1851-7, 162;
Preston King, 1857-63, 243;
Ira Harris, 1861-7, 365.

Edwin D. Morgan, 1863-9, iii. 55;
Roscoe Conkling, 1867-81, 171, 305, 397;
Reuben E. Fenton, 1869-75, 222;
Francis Kernan, 1875-81, 321;
Thomas C. Platt, 1881, 468;
Warner Miller, 1881-7, 481;
Elbridge G. Lapham, 1881-5, 482.

Sessions, Loren B., a state senator, iii. 437;
decides to vote for Blaine, 1880, 437;
severely criticised, 437;
charged with bribery, 1881, 480;
acquitted, 480, note.

Seward, Frederick W., nominated for sec. of state, 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331.

Seward, William H., elected state senator, i. 377;
appearance of, 377;
career and character of, 378;
his boyhood, 378;
gifts, 378;
an active Clintonian, 379;
first meeting with Weed, 379;
Weed on, 380;
joined Anti-Masons, 380;
visits John Quincy Adams, 380;
Whigs nominate for gov., 1834, 402;
fitness and red hair, 402-3;
bright prospects of election, 402-3;
defeated, 404;
indifference of, 405.

Nominated for gov., 1838, ii. 19-21;
elected, 29;
accepts Weed's dictatorship, 31-3, 36-8;
first message of, 34-5;
tribute to DeWitt Clinton, 35;
prophetic of Erie canal, 36;
renominated, 1840, 42;
elected, 45;
weakness of, 45;
reasons for, 48-50;
declines renomination, 50-1;
unhappy, 1844, 84-5;
predicts disunion, 86;
Clay's Alabama letter, 87-8;
on Wilmot Proviso, 102;
absence of, from constitutional con., 1846, 104-5;
picture of candidates, 1846, 121;
on the stump, 1848, 141-3;
first meeting with Lincoln, 143;
elected U.S. senator, 145-7;
gratitude to Weed, 148;
opposes compromises, 1850, 152;
higher law speech, 152;
Whigs approve his course, 153-5;
opposes repeal of Missouri Compromise, 190-3;
Blair on, 192-3;
opposed a Rep. party, 1854, 200;
re-elected to U.S. senate, 205-7;
Raymond on, 205;
Evening Post on, 205;
opposed by Know-Nothings, 205-6;
gratitude to Weed, 208;
speech for Rep. party, 217-8;
criticised, 219-20;
speech on Kansas, 225-6;
declined nomination for President, 229-32;
hinted Weed betrayed him, 230;
grouty, 239;
suspicions of trimming, 252;
irrepressible conflict speech, 252-3;
criticism of, 254;
goes to Europe, 260-1;
bill to admit Kansas, 261;
speech on, 265-7;
criticised as bid for Presidency, 267-8;
Phillips, Garrison, and Greeley on, 268;
confident of nomination for President, 1860, 283-4;
on Greeley's fidelity, 284, note;
character of opposition, 285;
defeated on third ballot, 289;
sorrow of friends, 290, note;
personal bearing of, 291-3;
letter to wife, 292;
to Weed, 291-3;
Greeley's letter, 1854, 311-17;
its effect upon him, 317;
admits Greeley should have had an office, 323;
vindictiveness of, 323, 386;
in New England, 328;
in the West, 329;
climax of career, 329;
predicted Alaska purchase, 330;
on threats of disunion, 334;
as to Weed's compromise, 368, 380;
waiting to hear from Lincoln, 368-9;
on Buchanan's message, 369-70;
offered secretaryship of state, 370;
generally anticipated, 370;
Weed saw Lincoln for, 371;
Astor House speech, 371-3;
opposes Crittenden Compromise, 373-4;
answers Jefferson Davis, 376-7;
non-committalism, 377-9;
purpose of, 377-8;
Whittier's poem on, 378;
speech criticised, 379;
secession in White House, 379;
controversy with Mason of Virginia, 381-2;
brilliant and resourceful, 383;
modifies Lincoln's inaugural address, 384-5;
a blow at Curtin, 386;
opposes Chase, 386;
declines to enter Cabinet, 386;
tenacious as to patronage, 390;
conference with Harris and President, 390, 396, 397;
Barney's appointment, 390-7;
President or Premier, 397;
secures all important offices, 398;
Dickinson's appointment, 399-401.

Disapproves relief of Fort Sumter, iii. 1;
orders arrests, 19;
favours Dix for gov., 1862, 41;
position in Cabinet, 41;
views on emancipation, 41;
opposes Wadsworth, 50;
criticism of Seymour, 83;
relations with Lincoln, 84-5;
humorous illustration of, 84;
Radicals resent his influence with Lincoln, 89;
influence in state lessened, 89;
supports Johnson, 143;
favours Philadelphia con., 1866, 143;
shares Raymond's unpopularity, 146;
influence with the President, 146;
writes veto messages, 147;
speech of May 22, 1866, 147;
a leader without a party, 149;
criticised in Rep. state con., 1866, 151;
his home speech, 1868, 212.

Seymour, David L., character and career of, ii. 232-3;
at Charleston con., 272.

Seymour, Henry, elected canal commissioner, i. 261;
deprives Clinton of patronage, 261.

Seymour, Horatio, leading Conservative, ii. 53;
member of Assembly, 60;
report on canal, 61;
legislative skill and influence, 61;
appearance, 61;
Hoffman and, 63;
elected speaker of Assembly, 91-2;
poise and gifts, 91;
beginning of leadership, 91;
controls in election of U.S. senators, 93;
fight over fourth constitutional con., 99;
harmonises Hunkers and Barnburners, 149;
John Van Buren, 150;
nominated for gov., 1850, 156;
defeated, 158;
supports Marcy for President, 1852, 169-72;
nominated for gov., 1852, 172-3;
Conkling on, 172;
elected, 178;
secures canal constitutional amendment, 183-4;
approved by Barnburners, 184;
renominated for gov., 1854, 197;
vetoes Maine liquor law, 199;
defeated, 203;
pleads for Softs at Nat. con., 226-8;
leader of united party, 232;
condemns Rep. party, 239, note;
declines nomination for gov., 1858, 249;
Richmond's choice for President at Charleston, 276, 298, note, 299;
name withdrawn at Baltimore, 301;
at Softs' state con., 325;
at Dem. state peace con., 354;
sentiments of, 355-6, and note.

View on war issues, iii. 27-9;
opposes a Union state con., 1861, 15;
nominated for gov., 1862, 38;
prefers another, 38;
Richmond's appeal to, 38;
his influence, 40;
speech of acceptance, 40;
criticised, 44, 45;
speaks in campaign, 47;
resents Raymond's attack, 47;
elected, 51;
not a member of the Union league, 61;
inaugural address, 61;
views about the war, 62;
Lincoln's letter to, 63;
his opinion of President, 63;
fails to write Lincoln, 64;
vetoes bill allowing soldiers to vote, 64;
criticises arrest of Vallandigham, 65;
sends troops to Gettysburg, 66;
refuses to reply to Lincoln's thanks, 67;
Fourth of July speech, 67;
draft-riot, 68;
speech to rioters, 68;
calls them "friends," 68;
no complicity, 69;
influence of his speech, 69;
his use of the word "friends," 69;
cause of embarrassment, 70;
views about the draft, 70;
dilatoriness of, 70;
his letter to Lincoln, 71;
dreary speech, 79, note;
severely criticised, 80-1;
charged with nepotism, 80;
speeches in reply, 81-2;
message of, 1864, 98-100;
a bid for the presidency, 100;
heads delegation to Dem. nat. con., 1864, 101;
war depression favours, 107;
his journey to Chicago, 107;
candidacy for President, 107;
opposed by Richmond, 107;
dislike of McClellan, 107;
delegation supports him until defeat is certain, 108;
refuses to vote for McClellan, 108;
ch'm. of con., 110;
his speech, 110-12;
delivery of, 111;
renominated for gov., 1864, 117-9;
Richmond fooled, 119;
criticises Lincoln, 123;
defeated, 125;
supports President Johnson, 133;
ch'm. Dem. state con., 1867, 179;
on payment of U.S. bonds, 181;
drops Johnson, 182;
on canal frauds, 183;
on negro suffrage, 186-7;
president of Nat. Dem. con., 1868, 197;
favours Chase for President, 198;
approved platform with negro suffrage, 198;
refuses to be candidate for President, 200;
nominated, 201;
much affected, 201;
accepts, 204;
criticism, 205;
high character of, 208;
tours the West, 211;
defeated, 214;
but carries New York, 215;
evidences of fraud in election, 215-8;
in Dem. state con., 1871, 270;
shabbily treated, 270;
absent from Dem. state con., 1872, 287;
also from Dem. Nat. con., 1872, 287;
advises Tilden not to run for gov., 311;
writes platform, 1874, 314;
nominated for gov., 1876, 346;
declines, 346;
Tam. urges him for President, 1880, 451;
preferred a funeral to a nomination, 451.

Seymour, Horatio, Jr., nominated for state eng., 1877, iii. 384;
elected, 387;
renominated, 1879, 424;
elected, 427.

Seymour, Silas, nominated for state eng., 1882, iii. 485;
elected, 486.

Sharpe, George H., holds office of surveyor of port of New York, iii. 399;
successor appointed, 1877, 399;
suggests Arthur for Vice President, 1880, 444;
Conkling objects to it, 444;
fails to get Conkling to present Arthur's name, 444;
secures Woodford to do it, 444;
character and services, 464;
elected speaker of the Assembly, 464;
supports Crowley for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465;
urges Conkling to seek re-election at Albany, 1881, 481;
prophecy of Payn, 481, note;
aids election of Miller for U.S. senator, 481.

Sharpe, Peter B., speaker of Assembly, i. 262;
unfriendly to canal, 261-2;
opposition silenced, 262;
approves Tompkins' war accounts, 276;
opposes Jackson, 357;
nominated for Assembly, 1827, 358.

Shaw, Samuel M., Cooperstown Freeman's Journal, a leading Dem. editor, iii. 420.

Sheldon, Alexander, speaker of Assembly, i. 194;
charges Southwick with bribery, 194.

Sherman, John, aids Cornell's election as gov., 1879, iii. 427;
reply to criticisms, 427, note;
indignant over Arthur's nomination for Vice President, 445, note.

Sherwood, Henry, nominated for speaker of Assembly, 1863, iii. 53;
defeated, 53.

"Short-hairs," faction of Tam., iii. 325, note.

Sickles, Daniel E., member of the Hards, ii. 209;
represented Tam., 249.

Early life of, iii. 8;
offers services to Government, 8;
interview with President, 9, note;
del. to Rep. nat. con., 1868, 192;
ch'm. of New York delegation, 192;
supports Fenton, 193;
destroys the Erie-Gould ring, 293.

Sigel, Franz, named for sec. of state, 1869, iii. 226;
defeated, 227.

Silliman, Benjamin D., nominated for atty.-gen., 1873, iii. 308;
defeated, 309.

Silver-Grays, faction of Whig party, ii. 155;
origin of name, 155;
secede from Whig con., 1850, 155;
hold con. at Utica, 155-6;
indorse Hunt for gov., 156;
become Know-Nothings, 202, 204;
also Hards, 204;
defeated Reps., 1855, 219;
finally absorbed by other parties, 332.

Skinner, Roger, member of Council, i. 288;
U.S. judge, 294;
member of Albany Regency, 294.

Skinner, William I., nominated for canal com., 1862, iii. 41, note;
elected, 51.

Slavery, Jay fails to recommend abolition of, i. 68, 111;
abolished by Legislature of New York, 111;
agitation against, ii. 5-10;
Beardsley heads a mob, 6;
state anti-slavery society formed, 8;
Van Buren's attitude toward, 10-12;
Wilmot Proviso, 102;
Free-soil movement, 126-44;
prohibition of, in Territories, 282;
platform of Rep. party, 282.

Sloan, George B., career and character, iii. 417;
elected speaker of Assembly, 1877, 417;
defeated for speaker, 1879, 407, 417;
votes for Cornell, 1879, 417;
resented, 417.

Slocum, Henry W., record of, iii. 128;
nominated for sec. of state, 1865, 129;
defeated, 135;
aspires to be gov., 1879, 421;
defeated by Robinson, 423;
presented for gov., 1882, 488;
favoured by Manning, 489;
charges against, 489;
contest with Flower, 491;
elected congressman-at-large, 1882, 498, note.

Smith, Alexander, brigadier-general, relieves Stephen Van Rensselaer on Niagara frontier, i. 222;
character and failure of, 222.

Smith, Carroll E., Syracuse Journal, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 413-4.

Smith, Charles E., Albany Journal, a leading Rep. editor, iii. 413;
ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1880, 430;
character and career, 430-2.

Smith, Gerrit, career and gifts of, ii. 7-8;
Weed on, 7-8;
wealth of, 7;
becomes an Abolitionist, 8;
generosity of, 8;
organises state anti-slavery society, 8;
influence, 1838, 25;
1844, 83;
rescues a fugitive, 165;
elected to Congress, 179.

Del. to Rep. nat. con., 1872, iii. 291;
boasts that delegation is without an office-holder, 291.

Smith, Henry, known as "Hank," iii. 250;
leader of Tam. Reps., 250;
controversy over, 255-63.

Smith, James C., at peace congress, ii. 350.

Smith, Melancthon, member of Poughkeepsie con., i. 33;
ablest opponent of Federal Constitution, 34;
Fiske on, 34;
wisdom of suggestions, 34;
change of mind, 35;
supports Clinton for gov., 1789, 43.

Smith, Peter, father of Gerrit, ii. 7;
large landowner, 7.

Smith, William S., appointed U.S. marshal, i. 44.

Smyth, John F., forsakes Pomeroy, 1879, iii. 416;
calls a snap con., 1880, 429;
career and character, 429-30;
supports Crowley for U.S. Senate, 1881, 465;
ch'm. Rep. state com., 1882, 494;
disclaimed any part in fraud and treachery, 498;
overwhelmingly defeated, 498.

Social Democratic party, state con., 1877, iii. 384.

Softs, name of Dem. faction, ii. 185;
successors to Barnburners, 185;
why so called, 185;
ticket defeated, 1853, 189;
strained position as to repeal of Missouri Compromise, 196;
withdrawal of anti-slavery leaders, 197;
Seymour renominated for gov. by, 197-8;
defeated, 203;
disapproved extension of slavery, 210;
became pro-slavery, 226;
humiliated at Nat. con., 226-8;
Seymour pleads for, 226-8;
unite with Hards, 232;
support Buchanan and Parker, 232;
Wood captures their state con., 257;
Dickinson yields to, 258;
control at Charleston and Baltimore, 270-9, 294-303;
hold separate state con., 1860, 325-6;
nominated Kelley for gov., 326;
fuse with Constitutional Union party, 326-7.

Soldiers' vote, scheme to defraud, 1864, iii. 124.

Soule, Howard, nominated for state eng., 1877, iii. 377;
defeated, 387;
renominated, 1879, 416;
defeated, 427.

Southern fire-eaters, threats of disunion, ii. 261;
reward for heads of Rep. leaders, 264-5.

Southern press, criticism of New York City, 1861, iii. 10.

Southwick, Solomon, character and gifts of, i. 154;
career, 154, 192-3;
connection with Bank of America, 191, 193-4;
indicted and acquitted, 194;
becomes postmaster, 239;
opposes Tompkins for President, 230;
runs for gov., 1822, 316;
strange career of, 316-7;
without support, 319;
without votes, 320;
nominated for gov., 1828, 364;
defeated, 368.

Spaulding, Elbridge G., career of, ii. 188;
nominated treas. of state, 188;
"father of the greenback," 188;
elected state treas., 189;
at birth of Rep. party, 214;
presents petition for peace, 350.

Member of Ways and Means com., iii. 32;
drafts legal tender act, 32;
opposed by Conkling, 32;
aided by sec. of treas., 33;
bill becomes a law, 33;
defeated for Congress, 1876, 350.

Spencer, Ambrose, appearance of, i. 55-6;
asst. atty.-gen., 70;
changes his politics, 87;
reasons for, 88;
relative of Chancellor Livingston, 88;
member of Council of Appointment, 107;
atty.-gen., 117;
on Supreme Court, 117;
appointment alarms Federalists, 117;
reasons for, 117-8;
character of, 118;
attack on Foote, 120;
assailed by Van Ness, 125;
opposes the Merchants' Bank, 148;
votes for Clinton for President, 167;
opposes charter of Merchants' Bank, 189;
and Bank of America, 195;
breaks with DeWitt Clinton, 197;
opposes him for President, 202-4;
denounced by Clinton, 204;
friend of Armstrong, 216;
distrusted by Tompkins, 216-7;
opposes Van Buren for atty.-gen., 232;
relations with Tompkins strained, 233;
favours Armstrong for U.S. Senate, 233;
becomes a candidate, 233;
beaten by Van Buren, 233;
breaks with Tompkins, 237;
relations renewed with Clinton, 245;
brother-in-law of, 245;
declares for him for gov., 246;
forces a broader party caucus, 250;
work in constitutional con., 1821, 299-310;
Yates' treatment of, 322;
later career and death, 322-3.

Spencer, Daniel C., nominated for canal com., 1876, iii. 339;
defeated, 350.

Spencer, John C., son of Ambrose Spencer, i. 263;
gifts, character, and career of, 263-5;
likeness to Calhoun, 264;
home at Canandaigua, 264;
DeWitt Clinton's opinion of, 264;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 266-7;
defeated, 267;
fails to become atty.-gen., 274;
speaker of Assembly, 276;
opposes Tompkins' accounts, 276;
headed electoral ticket, 1832, 393.

Seward's reliance upon, ii. 34;
sec. of state, 36;
ambitious to go to U.S. Senate, 38;
sec. of war, 48;
breaks with Weed, 48;
with Scott at Albany, 176.

Spencer, Joshua A., defeated for U.S. Senate, ii. 38.

Spinner, Francis B., nominated for state comp., 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331;
nominated for sec. of state, 1877, 384;
defeated, 387.

"Stalwarts," title of faction in Rep. party, 1880, iii. 429;
use of regretted, 482.

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, daughter of Daniel Cady, i. 169;
gifts of, 169.

Starin, John H., aspires to be gov., 1879, iii. 414;
career of, 414 and note;
name presented for gov., 1882, 492;
defeated, 494.

State debt, Hoffman's estimate of, 1846, ii. 108-9.

Steam navigation, history of its inception, i. 75-6.

Stephens, Alexander H., predicts civil war, ii. 279.

Stevens, Samuel, ancestry and career of, i. 376;
nominated for lt.-gov., 376;
defeated, 377;
energy of, 390;
renominated for lt.-gov., 1832, 393.

Stevens, Thaddeus, approves legal tender act, iii. 32;
dislike of Johnson, 132;
opposes his policy, 137;
defeats Raymond, 141.

Stewart, Alvan, nominated for gov., ii. 82;
character and career of, 82-3;
defeated, 89;
increasing strength, 89.

Stewart, William, brother-in-law of George Clinton, i. 117;
made asst. atty.-gen., 117.

Stillwell, Silas M., nominated for lt.-gov., i. 402;
character and career of, 402;
defeated, 404.

Stranahan, Ferrand, member of Council, i. 231.

Stroud, Reuben W., nominated for canal com., 1872, iii. 296;
elected, 302;
renominated, 1874, 315;
defeated, 319.

Suffrage, restrictions of under first constitution, i. 9.

Sumner, Charles, assaulted by Brooks, ii. 225;
Seward on, 225;
excitement in North, 226;
leads radicals in U.S. Senate, iii. 14;
opposes President Johnson, 128;
removed from Com. on Foreign Affairs, 278.

Sutherland, Jacob, appointed Supreme Court judge, i. 322.

"Swallow-tails," faction of Tam., iii. 325;
history of name, 325.

Swartwout, John, dist.-atty., i. 117, 121;
challenges DeWitt Clinton, 127;
wounded twice, 127;
leader of Burrites, 152.

Sweeny, Peter B., known as Peter Brains Sweeny, iii. 177;
Tweed's reliance upon, 177;
begins, 1857, as dist.-atty., 177;
the Mephistopheles of Tam., 178;
hidden from sight, 178;
city chamberlain, 178;
cost of confirmation, 178;
author of Tweed charter, 228;
takes position of most lucre, 229;
exposure of startling crime, 246;
resigns from office, 1871, 247;
escapes to Europe with plunder, 248;
compromises and returns, 248, note.

Sweet, Sylvanus H., nominated for state eng., 1865, iii. 129;
defeated, 135;
renominated, 1873, 309;
elected, 309.

Sylvester, Francis, nominated for state comp., 1877, iii. 377;
defeated, 387.


Talcott, Samuel A., atty.-gen., i. 289;
career and appearance of, 289-94;
genius of, 290;
compared to Hamilton, 290;
Chief Justice Marshall on, 290;
opposed Webster in Snug Harbour case, 290;
close relations with Butler, 291;
original member of Albany Regency, 293-4;
death of, 294.

Tallmadge, Fred A., elected to state senate, ii. 16;
nominated for clerk to Court of Appeals, 1862, iii. 41, note;
elected, 51.

Tallmadge, James, opposition to Missouri Compromise, i. 274;
applicant for atty.-gen., 274;
hostility to DeWitt Clinton, 274;
work in constitutional con., 1821, 299-310;
applicant for state comp., 321;
beaten by Marcy, 321;
supported Adams, 1824, 324;
voted for Clinton's removal as canal com., 328-9;
great mistake, 329;
nominated for lt.-gov., 331;
in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 103.

Tallmadge, Nathaniel P., opponent of Regency, i. 358;
sent to Assembly, 358;
in U.S. Senate, ii. 1;
attitude toward slavery, 11;
endorsed Seward for gov., 24-5;
nominated for U.S. Senate, 38;
elected, 39;
becomes gov. of Wisconsin, 92.

Tammany Society, early history of, i. 181-5;
hostility to DeWitt Clinton, 181-5;
opposes Erie canal, 251;
opposed Clinton for gov., 1817, 251;
defeated, 252;
Clinton dismisses its office-holders, 255;
Van Buren silences its opposition to canal, 261-2;
influence in securing the constitutional con., 1821, 296;
favours Jackson for President, 357;
trains with the Softs, ii. 249;
defeats Wood, 257.

Tammany Hall, defeated, 1861, iii. 29;
Tweed begins his career, 176;
boss of, 176;
his lieutenants, 177;
forces Hoffman's nomination, 1866, 159;
fraudulent naturalisations, 175;
its new building, 178;
again nominates Hoffman, 1868, 205;
renominates Hoffman, 1870, 231;
startling disclosures of Tweed ring, 246-9;
controls state con., 1871, 269-73;
dismayed by result of election, 275;
Kelly succeeds Tweed as its leader, 288;
reorganises it, 289;
divided into two factions, 325;
Morrissey faction rejected, 325;
Kelly's ticket defeated, 1875, 331;
Morrissey and Kelly factions unite, 1876, 346;
ticket elected, 350;
factions divide, 1877, 378;
Kelly wins, 383;
but Morrissey elected to Senate, 388;
it controls Dem. state con., 1878, 392;
defeated in election, 397;
bolts Dem. state con., 1879, 423;
holds con. of its own, 424;
nominates Kelly for gov., 424;
crushed by defeat, 427;
refused admission to Dem. state con., 1880, 451;
holds con. of its own, 451;
platform stigmatises Tilden, 452;
refused admission to Dem. nat. con., 1880, 457;
spectacular reconciliation, 458;
forces a Dem. state con., 460;
has its own way, 460;
fools Irving Hall on mayoralty, 460;
opponents organise County Democracy, 483;
dels. excluded from Dem. state con., 1881, 484;
local ticket defeated, 483;
forces way into Dem. state con., 1882, 488;
divides its vote for gov., 490;
finally supports Cleveland, 491;
joins County Democracy on local ticket, 498;
elect state and city officials, 498.

"Tammany-Republicans," history of title, iii. 250, 254, 255.

Tappan, Abraham B., candidate prison insp., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29.

Tappan, Arthur, early Abolitionist, ii. 6;
requisition for, 6.

Tappan, Lewis, early Abolitionist, ii. 6;
home mobbed, 6;
nominated for state comp., 216.

Taylor, John, career and character of, i. 177-8;
speech against Platt, 178;
opposes Bank of America, 196;
appearance of, 196;
nominated for lt.-gov., 213;
attacked by Clinton, 213;
elected, 215;
renominated for lt.-gov. with Clinton, 279.

Taylor, John J., nominated for lt.-gov., ii. 249-50;
career of, 250.

Taylor, John W., congressman from Saratoga, i. 312;
brilliant leader, 312;
twice speaker of national House of Representatives, 312, ii. 204;
refuses nomination for lt.-gov., i. 331;
defeated for speaker in Twentieth Congress, 359.

Champion opponent of Missouri Compromise, 1820, ii. 204;
lived to see principles adopted, 204;
longer continuous service than any successor, 204;
character of speeches, 204;
death of, 204.

Taylor, Moses, urges Lincoln's renomination, iii. 88;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
approves books of Tweed's city comp., 245.

Taylor, William B., candidate for state eng., 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29;
renominated, 1863, 76;
elected, 83;
renominated, 1869, 226;
defeated, 227;
renominated, 1871, 264;
elected, 275;
renominated, 1873, 308;
defeated, 309.

Temperance vote, 1870, iii. 244, note.

Thayer, Adin, nominated for canal com., 1874, iii. 314;
elected, 319.

Thayer, Francis S., nominated for sec. of state, 1873, iii. 308;
defeated, 309.

Third term, talk of it, 1874, iii. 317;
Grant's letter ends it, 1875, 329;
Rep. state con., 1875, declares against it, 325;
Grant becomes an active candidate, 1880, 428;
efforts of Stalwarts to nominate him, 429-42;
opposition to, 429-42;
defeated, 442.

Thomas, David, career and character of, i. 191-2;
charged with bribery, 193;
indicted and acquitted, 194.

Thomas, Thomas, member of Council of Appointment, 1807, i. 156.

Thompson, Herbert O., appointed clerk of N.Y. county, 1879, iii. 418;
an organiser of the County Democracy, 483.

Thompson, Smith, related to Livingstons, i. 155;
on Supreme bench, 155;
refused mayoralty of New York, 155;
career of, 362;
learning of, 362;
sec. of navy under Munroe, 362;
on bench twenty-five years, 362;
justice of U.S. Supreme Court, 362;
nominated for gov., 1828, 362;
refused to withdraw, 363;
defeated, 368.

Thompson, William, caucus nominee for speaker, i. 257;
character and career of, 257;
defeated by a bolt, 258-9.

Thorn, Stephen, an assemblyman, i. 149;
charged Purdy with bribery, 149, 190.

Throop, Enos T., criticised Morgan's abductors, i. 365;
home on Lake Owasco, 365;
nominated for lt.-gov., 366-7;
bargain with Van Buren, 366;
resigned from Supreme Court, 366;
elected lt.-gov., 368;
becomes acting gov., 376;
nominated for gov., 1830, 376;
unpopular manners, 376;
elected, 377;
defeated for renomination, 1832, 394;
nicknamed "Small-light," 394;
character of, 394.

Thurman, Allen G., attitude toward Tilden, iii. 354.

Tilden, Samuel J., in constitutional con., 1846, ii. 104;
opposes negro suffrage, 107;
writes address of Barnburners, 131;
nominated for atty.-gen., 211;
defeated, 218.

Del. to Dem. nat. con., 1864, iii. 108;
age and appearance of, 108;
ability, 109;
war record, 109;
becomes wealthy, 110;
accepted leader at Chicago, 110;
member com. on res., 110;
declares war a failure, 110;
criticised for his timidity, 113;
attends Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
del.-at-large to Philadelphia, 144;
active in campaign, 1867, 186;
attends Dem. nat. con., 1868, 197;
ch'm. New York delegation, 197;
forces nomination of Seymour, 201;
study of his methods, 203;
disclaims any agency, 203;
his artfulness, 203;
urges Seymour to accept, 204;
certain of success, 213;
denies signing infamous circular, 213;
fails to denounce forgers, 214;
calls Dem. state con. to order, 1870, 230;
has his pocket picked, 230;
severely criticised, 231;
prophesies Tweed will die in jail or exile, 265;
no liking for Rep. party, 265-6;
begins reform in Dem. party, 266-7;
rejects Tweed's proposals, 267;
labours to punish Ring, 267;
unites anti-Tam. organisations, 268;
at Dem. state con., 1871, 269-74;
though defeated, proves its master, 273;
Tweed arrested on his affidavit, 275;
absent from Dem. nat con., 1872, 287;
secures impeachment of Tweed judges, 293;
at Dem. state con., 1872, 297;
opposed by Tweed influence, 297;
nominates Kernan for gov., 298;
decides to run for gov., 310;
supported by Kelly, 310;
praised by Rep. journals, 311;
opposed by canal ring, 311;
dissuaded by friends, 311;
Seymour advises against it, 311;
insists upon making race, 312;
nominated, 313;
elected gov., 319;
message against canal ring, 321-2;
prosecutions, 323;
tour of the state, 323;
Rep. press criticises, 326;
speech at Utica, 327;
message of, 1876, a bid for presidency, 340;
opposed by Kelly, 341-2;
strength of, 342;
confidence of, 343;
a critical moment, 343;
nominated for President, 343;
letter of acceptance, 344;
fails to nominate Dorsheimer for gov., 345;
severe criticism of, 348-9;
denies complicity in cipher dispatches, 351;
attitude toward Electoral Com., 354-5;
relied upon Davis' vote, 356;
hurt by Conkling's exclusion, 356;
prestige weakened, 378;
publication of cipher dispatches, 394-5;
influence upon, 395;
party talks of his nomination, 1880, 447;
embodiment of fraud issue, 448;
opposition of Kelly, 448;
Dem. state con., 1880, endorses him for President, 449;
would he accept nomination, 453;
his health, 453-4;
gives Manning a letter, 454;
regarded as indefinite, 455-6;
settles question in telegram, 456;
did not know himself, 456;
an opportunist, 456.

Tillotson, Thomas, brother-in-law of Chancellor Livingston, i. 113;
sec. of state, 115;
assailed by Van Ness, 125;
removed as sec., 151;
restored, 154;
removed, 165.

Tinsley, William F., nominated for canal com., 1874, iii. 325;
defeated, 331.

Tompkins, Daniel D., nominated for gov., i. 155;
character and career of, 158-61;
compared with Clinton, 160-1;
elected gov., 161-2;
an issue dividing parties, 162;
sustains embargo, 164;
opposes George Clinton for President, 166-7;
renominated for gov., 173;
re-elected, 179;
opposes banks, 194-5;
ambitious to be President, 197, 232, 238;
prorogues Legislature, 197;
opposes DeWitt Clinton for President, 201;
renominated for gov., 212;
attacked by Clinton, 213;
re-elected, 215;
at zenith of popularity, 215;
jealous of Armstrong, 216;
distrusts Spencer, 217;
called the great war gov., 219;
refuses to give Clinton active service in field, 220;
re-elected, 223;
efforts paralysed by Federalists, 219-30;
defeat of Federalists, 226;
calls extra session of Legislature, 226;
vigorous prosecution of war, 226;
opposed Spencer, 233-4;
relations with Spencer strained, 233;
favoured Sanford for U.S. Senate, 233;
Legislature endorses him for President, 235;
re-elected gov., 236;
opposed for President by Spencer, 237;
offered place in Madison's cabinet, 237;
reasons for declining, 238;
Virginians create opposition to, 239;
Van Buren's sly methods, 240;
nominated and elected Vice President, 240;
did not favour Erie canal, 246;
nominated to beat Clinton, 274;
majorities in prior elections, 275;
shortage in war accounts, 275-82;
effort to prevent nomination of, 275-8;
Yates on, 279;
insisted on fifth race, 279;
handicapped by canal record, 279;
defeated, 281;
sad closing of his life, 282;
president constitutional con., 1821, 299;
willing to run for gov., 1822, 318.

Toombs, Robert, opposes attack on Fort Sumter, iii. 2;
prophecy fulfilled, 3.

Tories, treatment of, i. 23;
their flight to Nova Scotia, 26.

Tousey, Sinclair, joins Lib. Rep. movement, iii. 283;
organises its con. for Greeley's nomination, 283;
del. to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296.

Townsend, Henry A., character and career of, i. 217;
member of Council, 217;
supports Clinton for mayor, 217.

Townsend, John D., strong supporter of Tam., iii. 383.

Townsend, Martin I., as an orator, iii. 80-1;
arraigns Seymour, 81;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1869, 226;
defeated, 227.

Tracy, Albert H., gifts and career of, i. 372;
in Congress, 372;
mentioned for U.S. Senate, 372;
ambitious for public life, 372;
easy principles, 372;
like Jefferson in appearance, 372-3;
nominated for state Senate, 373;
faithful to Weed, 379;
presides at anti-masonic con., 393;
weakens after defeat, 397;
Weed on, 397;
Seward on, 397, note;
leaves Anti-Masons, 398;
others follow, 399;
withdraws from politics, ii. 38;
loses chance of being Vice President and President, 40.

Tracy, John, nominated for lt.-gov., 1832, i. 395;
renominated, 1836, ii. 11;
elected, 14;
renominated, 1838, 23;
defeated, 29.

Treaty with England, 1795, excitement over, i. 65;
Jay's opinion of, 66;
what it accomplished, 67.

Tremaine, Grenville, nominated for atty.-gen., 1877, iii. 377;
defeated, 387.

Tremaine, Lyman, Dems. nominate him for atty.-gen., 1861, iii. 21;
refused to accept, 24;
character of, 24;
addresses a Union meeting, 26;
nominated by Reps. for lt.-gov., 1862, 45, note;
defeated, 51;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1864, 90;
his leadership, 91;
on death of Wadsworth, 91;
del.-at-large to Rep. nat. con., 1864, 92;
president of Rep. state con., 1866, 150;
aspires to U.S. Senate, 166;
aspirant for gov., 1868, 193;
nominated for congressman-at-large, 1872, 296;
elected, 302.

Troup, Robert, in campaign, 1789, i. 42.

Trowbridge, Charles W., nominated for prison insp., 1876, iii. 339;
defeated, 350.

Tweed Ring, begins its career, iii. 176;
its leading members, 177;
first frauds in elections, 175;
its character exposed, 206;
Greeley characterises it, 207;
secures new city charter, 229;
members take places of power, 229;
loot the city treasury, startling disclosures, 246-7;
punishment of its members, 247-8;
aggregate sum stolen, 249;
amount recovered, 249.

Tweed's judges, Barnard, Cardozo, and McCunn, iii. 248;
Cardozo resigns, 248;
others impeached, 248;
McCunn dies soon after sentenced, 248;
Barnard soon follows, 248.

Tweed, William M., favours repeal of Missouri Compromise, ii. 195.

Early career of, iii. 176;
a recognised boss, 176;
manners and character, 176;
officials selected, 177;
signs of wealth, 178;
political ambition, 178;
demands at Dem. state con., 1867, 178;
vice president of Dem. nat. con., 1868, 197;
forces Hoffman's renomination for gov., 1868, 205;
his frauds, 1868, 206;
Greeley's attack, 207;
his infamous circular, 213;
evidences of his fraud in election, 215-8;
elected to state Senate, 223;
important committees, 223;
plunders through tax-levies, 224;
Reps. aid him, 225;
gets majority in Senate, 227;
controls the state, 227;
leader of state Democracy, 228;
his city charter passed, 229;
its character, 228-9;
enormous bribery, 229;
takes position of most power, 229;
loots the city treasury, 229;
controls Dem. state con., 1870, 230;
Nast's cartoons, 242, 245;
lavish campaign expenses, 243;
personal extravagance, 244;
purchases control of Assembly, 1871, 245;
scheme to widen Broadway, 244;
viaduct railway, 244;
offers bribes to prevent exposure, 245;
punishment and death, 246-8;
controls Dem. state con., 1871, 269;
"Let's stop those damned pictures," 274.

Twombly, Horatio N., del. to Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, iii. 296.

Tyler, John nominated for Vice President, ii. 40;
nobody else would take it, 40;
becomes President, 47;
turns against the Whigs, 47-8.


Ullman, Daniel, nominated for gov., 1854, ii. 202;
career of, 202;
defeated, 204.

Union College, founded by Joseph C. Yates, i. 249;
Seward, an alumnus of, 379.

Union League Clubs, organisation, iii. 59 and note;
Seward's praise of, 59;
Brady's work in, 59;
Van Buren's loyalty exhibited, 59;
Seymour not a member of, 61.

Union League Club of New York, iii. 59;
when organised, 59, note;
investigates fraud, 1868, 215.

Union Square war meeting, 1861, iii. 5.

United States Bank, incorporation of, i. 186;
Clinton defeats extension of charter, 186;
the great issue, 1832, 392;
preferred to compromise than fight Jackson, 393;
Webster and Clay objected, 393;
Congress extends charter, 393;
Jackson vetoes it, 393;
creates fear of panic, 400.

United States Senate. See Senate, United States.

United States senators. See Senators, United States.

Utica Republican, established by Conkling, 1877, iii. 385;
its aggressive character, 385, note;
publication discontinued, 1879, 397.


Vallandigham, Clement L., arrest of, iii. 64;
banished to Southern Confederacy, 64;
Lincoln's letter, 66;
dangerous precedent, 66.

Van Buren, John, son of Martin Van Buren, ii. 128;
career and gifts of, 128-30;
leading Free-soiler, 128, 129, 141;
reason for, 129;
Lord on, 128;
Wilson on, 130;
Seymour afraid of, 130;
style of oratory, 130;
at Utica con., 131;
appearance of, 141;
avenged his father's wrongs, 144;
compared to Seymour, 150;
opposed Seymour for nomination, 172-3;
supports him for gov., 1852, 177;
advocates popular sovereignty, 250;
opens way for Douglas, 1860, 250.

Favours Dix for gov., 1862, iii. 37, 48;
supports Seymour, 48;
humour of, 48;
Tribune criticises, 48, 49;
loyalty exhibited, 59;
in campaign, 1864, 123;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1865, 129;
stigmatises Seymour, 134;
defeated, 135;
death, 135, note.

Van Buren, John D., member of Tilden's canal com., 1875, iii. 323;
nominated for state eng., 1874, 326;
elected, 331.

Van Buren, Martin, supports DeWitt Clinton for President, i. 206, 208;
career, gifts, and character of, 206-10;
compared with Clinton, 208;
deserts Clinton, 212;
energy in war of 1812, 232;
made atty.-gen., 232;
opposed by Spencer, 232;
opposes Spencer, 233;
cunning support of Tompkins, 240;
disturbed over Clinton's action, 247;
adroit opposition, 248;
outwitted by Spencer, 250;
ludicrous picture of, 250;
urges building of canal, 251;
makes war on Clinton, 255;
sneers of Elisha Williams, 255;
Fellows-Allen case, 256;
drives Clinton to bolt, 257-60;
deprives Clinton of patronage, 260-1;
silences opposition to canal, 261-2;
prevents Spencer's nomination to U.S. Senate, 266-7;
favours re-election of King, 268;
reason for bold stand, 268-9;
removed as atty.-gen., 273;
an "arch scoundrel," 273;
calls Clintonians "political blacklegs," 274;
effort to prevent Tompkins' nomination, 275-8;
Tompkins' war accounts, 276;
confident of Tompkins' election, 281;
dismissal of postmasters, 285;
the "prince of villains," 286;
elected to U.S. Senate, 286;
Clinton's vituperative allusions to, 286, note;
selects Talcott, Marcy, and Butler, 291-3;
conspicuous work in constitutional con., 1821, 299-310;
Crawford for President, 324;
outwitted by Weed, 339-40;
weakened by Young's and Crawford's defeat, 344;
non-committalism, 345-6, note;
methods of Burr, 346;
joins Clinton in support of Jackson, 346;
conciliatory policy toward Clinton, 347;
opposes Adams' administration, 348;
a leader in U.S. Senate, 349;
parliamentary debates, 349-50, 365;
organiser of modern Dem. party, 350, 365;
John Q. Adams on, 350;
equivocal support of Rochester, 352;
re-elected to U.S. Senate, 353;
Parton on, 353;
Jackson on, 353;
nominated for gov., 1828, 364, 367;
cleverly divides opponents, 364-5;
appearance at church, 365;
puts Throop on ticket, 365;
acting gov. Pitcher, 366;
strong friends, 367;
elected, 368;
seventy days a gov., 383;
insincerity of, 383;
sec. of state, 383;
a politician's face, 384;
resigns from Cabinet, 387;
minister to England, 387;
rejected by Senate, 387-9;
spoilsman, 389, note;
on his rejection, 389-90;
friends indignant, 390;
nominated for Vice President, 391;
tendered reception, 391;
elected, 397.

Dix's devotion to, ii. 4;
Crockett's life of, 4;
opponents of, 4;
Calhoun on, 4;
nominated for President, 4-5;
attitude toward slavery, 5, 10, 11;
elected, 14;
moral courage of, 41;
fearless statesman, 41;
renominated for President, 41;
sub-treasury scheme, 41-2;
defeat of, 43-5;
retirement to Lindenwald, 46, 74;
Texas question, 65-9;
Hammet letter, 66-7;
Southern hostility, 70;
two-thirds rule, 71, note;
defeated at Baltimore, 71-5;
friends proscribed, 94;
a Barnburner, 127;
nominated for President at Utica, 1848, 131;
endorsed by Buffalo con., 133;
Webster's pun, 133;
Sumner on, 133;
defeated, 143-4;
supports Pierce and Seymour, 1852, 177;
criticised by Southern press, iii. 10.

Van Cortlandt, James, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Van Cortlandt, John, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Van Cortlandt, Philip, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Van Cortlandt, Pierre, renominated for lt.-gov., 1792, i. 51;
supports DeWitt Clinton for President, 202.

Van Cott, Joshua M., nominated for atty.-gen., 1867, iii. 174;
defeated, 188;
nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1878, iii. 392, note;
defeated, 397.

Van Ness, William P., on Livingston's defeat, i. 83;
with Burr in Albany, 103;
practises deception, 103;
on Ambrose Spencer, 117;
on the Council's treatment of Burr, 119;
as "Aristides," 123-6;
law teacher of Van Buren, 207.

Van Ness, William W., gifts and character of, i. 153;
leads Federalists against Clinton, 154;
elected judge of Supreme Court, 157;
mentioned for gov., 236;
supports Clinton for gov., 1817, 248;
asks Kent to stand for U.S. Senate, 268;
charged with hypocrisy, 268;
retires from Supreme Court, 323;
early death of, 323.

Van Rensselaer, Jacob R., character and career of, i. 248;
supports Clinton for gov., 1817, 248.

Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah, lt.-gov., i. 180.

Van Rensselaer, Solomon, adj.-gen., i. 287;
summary removal from office, 287;
service at Queenstown Heights, 293.

Van Rensselaer, Stephen, candidate for lt.-gov., 1798, i. 82;
character and family of, 82;
candidate for gov., 1801, 115;
defeated, 115;
nominated for gov. by Federalists, 213;
record as a soldier, 214;
Jefferson's opinion of, 214;
in command at Queenstown Heights, 222;
failure of, 222;
resigns command, 222;
family and career of, 341;
brother-in-law of Hamilton, 342;
established Troy Polytechnical Institute, 342;
in election of John Quincy Adams, 343;
importance of his action, 343.

Van Vechten, Abraham, gifts and character of, i. 168-9;
refused a Supreme Court judgeship, 169;
assails embargo, 169;
becomes atty.-gen., 172;
removed, 179;
opposes State Bank, 188;
work in constitutional con. of 1821, 303.

Van Wyck, Charles H., ch'm. Rep. state con., 1866, iii. 150;
speech censored, 150;
aspires to be gov., 1868, 193;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1870, 235.

Verplanck, Gulian C., gifts and career of, i. 400;
Whig candidate for mayor of New York, 1834, 400;
defeated, 401.


Wadsworth, James, native of Connecticut, ii. 235;
graduate of Yale, 235;
early settler in Genesee Valley, 235;
duel with Kane, 235-6;
interested in schools, 235;
wealthy and generous, 235;
averse to holding public office, 235.

Wadsworth, James S., son of James, ii. 236;
graduate of Yale, 236;
studied law with Webster, 236;
gifts of, 236;
appearance of, 236;
a Barnburner, 236;
ambitious to be gov., 236;
beaten by Weed, 235-6;
defeated for U.S. Senate, 244;
at peace congress, 350.

Member of Union Defence com., 1861, iii. 8;
aide on McDowell's staff, 8;
made brigadier-general, 8;
thought available for gov., 42;
war service, 42;
duties as a major-general, 42;
character, 43;
generosity, 43;
political strength, 43;
opposed by Weed, Seward, and Raymond, 43;
nominated for gov., 1862, 45;
criticised, 46, 48;
makes one speech, 50;
defeated, 51;
reasons for it, 51;
killed in battle of Wilderness, 91;
his defeat for gov. resented, 91;
his supporters control Rep. state con., 1864, 91.

Wadsworth, James W., nominated for state comp., 1879, iii. 416;
elected, 427;
name presented for gov., 1882, 492;
his alleged dels. used to defeat Cornell, 494.

Wagner, George, nominated for prison insp., 1874, iii. 314;
elected, 319.

Wakeman, Abraham, president Rep. state con., 1863, iii. 74;
postmaster at New York, 74, note.

Wales, Salem H., nominated for mayor of New York, 1874, iii. 314;
defeated, 319.

Walruth, Christopher A., nominated for canal com., 1874, iii. 326;
elected, 331.

Walworth, Reuben H., appointed chancellor, i. 366;
nominated for gov., ii. 134;
career of, 134;
at Democratic state peace con., 355.

Ward, Hamilton, at Rep. state con., 1871, iii. 261;
services and character, 261;
proposes a compromise, 261;
crushed by Conkling, 263;
nominated for atty.-gen., 1879, 416;
elected, 427.

Ward, Henry Dana, editor Anti-Masonic-Review, i. 370.

War of 1812, declared, i. 221;
Federalists refused to support, 220;
soldiers poorly equipped, 220;
Dearborn commands on Canadian border, 221;
failure of plans, 222;
offers to resign, 222;
cowardice and loss at Queenstown Heights, 222;
valour of Scott, 223;
Armstrong's plans, 223;
valour of Jacob Brown, 223;
battle at York, 223;
dismal failures, 223;
Wilkinson relieves Dearborn, 223;
Hampton ordered to Plattsburgh, 224;
complete failure of plans, 224;
Buffalo burned and Fort Niagara captured, 224;
quarrels of generals and secretary of war, 224;
Perry's victory, 225;
Brown in command, 225;
character and career of, 225-6;
Scott promoted, 225;
battles at Chippewa, Lundy's Lane, Fort Erie, and Plattsburgh, 226;
brilliant leadership, 227;
Federalists talk of disunion, 227;
Washington captured and banks suspend specie payments, 227;
Hartford con. favours New England confederacy, 228;
alarming condition of affairs, 229;
battle of New Orleans, 229;
treaty of peace, 229;
valour of troops, 230.

Warren, Joseph, Buffalo Courier, iii. 201;
urges Seymour to accept nomination, 1868, 201;
secures Church's consent to run for gov., 1874, 312;
hot shot at Kelly, 313;
a leading Dem. editor, 420.

Washington, George, on independence, i. 2;
not desired, 2;
on Schuyler, 18;
on George Clinton, 22, 36;
on Hamilton, 26;
inauguration of, 44;
appoints Jay chief justice of U.S. Supreme Court, 114;
on inland navigation in New York, 241.

Watson, James, supports Burr for gov., 1792, i. 50;
elected to U.S. Senate, 70;
service and character of, 71.

Webb, James Watson, leaves Jackson party, 1832, i. 393;
editor of Courier and Enquirer, 393.

Career of, ii. 161-2;
duel with Marshall, 161;
challenges Cilley, 161;
appearance of, 161;
unites Courier with Enquirer, 162;
supports the Silver-Grays, 162;
defeated for minister to Austria, 162;
candidate for U.S. Senate, 161-2;
endorses Weed's compromise, 337.

Webster, Daniel, on Philip Schuyler, i. 18;
teller at John Q. Adams' election, 343;
defeats Van Buren, 387;
United States Bank, 393.

Weed, Joel, father of Thurlow, i. 317;
could not make a living, 317;
moved five times in ten years, 317.

Weed, Smith M., dispatches sent from South Carolina, 1876, iii. 351.

Weed, Thurlow, on Albany Regency, i. 294;
career, character, and gifts of, 317-19;
precocious, 318;
friends of best people, 318;
love match, 319;
slow in getting established, 319;
helped Southwick, 1822, 319;
supports Adams, 1824, 324;
opposes Clinton's removal, 328;
sleepless and tireless worker, 338;
united friends of Clay and Adams, 338-9;
well kept secret, 339;
Van Buren hit, 340, 344;
kept faith, 340-1;
predicts Granger's defeat, 368;
accepted leader against Van Buren, 369-70;
founded Anti-Masonic Enquirer, 370;
a born fighter, 371;
investigates crime of 1826, 370;
selects able lieutenants, 371;
incident of his poverty, 373;
founds Evening Journal, 374;
pungent paragraphs, 374, note;
met Croswell in boyhood, 374;
rival editors estranged, 375;
Croswell seeks aid of, 375;
growth of the Journal, 375;
"the Marcy patch," 395;
opposed to the United States Bank, 396, note;
organisation of Whig party, 394-401;
favours Seward for gov., 1834, 401.

On Democratic organisation, ii. 2;
Seward for gov., 1838, 19-21;
Fellows-Allen case, 22;
Seward's election, 29;
Dictator, 31-3, 36-8;
creates trouble, 38-9;
carries state Senate, 39;
made state printer, 39;
supports Harrison, 40;
unhappy, 1844, 84-5;
Clay's Alabama letter, 87-8;
opposed to Young for gov., 118;
for Taylor, 1848, 135-7;
breaks with Fillmore, 148;
assails Castle Garden meeting, 157;
defeats Fillmore, 166-7;
favours Scott, 166-7;
Scott's defeat, 178-9;
Greeley's appeal to, for gov., 198, note;
opposed to a Rep. party, 1854, 200;
at birth of party, 1855, 213;
criticised for delaying it, 219-21;
Seward and the Presidency, 229-32;
controlled election of U.S. senator, 1857, 243-5;
at Chicago con., 283;
Bowles on, 283;
offered Lane money to carry Indiana, 287, note;
weeps over Seward's defeat, 291;
returns Greeley's letter of 1854, 311;
denies seeing it, 318, 323;
replies to it, 318-23;
predicts Lincoln's election, 332;
proposed compromise, 336-44;
Greeley opposed, 343;
Lincoln opposed, 344;
work as a boss, 362;
relations with Lincoln, 362;
opposed Greeley for U.S. Senate, 363-5;
strained relations with Harris, 366;
Barney's appointment, 390-7.

Criticised by Southern press, 1861, iii. 10;
proposed conduct of the war, 14;
names Dix for gov., 1862, 37;
return from London, 41;
view of emancipation, 42;
pushes Morgan for U.S. Senate, 56;
controls canal patronage, 56;
withdraws from Evening Journal, 56;
did not return to Rochester, 57;
No. 12 Astor House, 58;
his services, 58;
his patriotism, 58;
cradle of "Amens," 58;
takes message from Lincoln to Seymour, 62;
resents retention of Barney, 85;
Lincoln sends for him, 86;
plan for peace, 86;
continues slavery, 86;
rejected by Lincoln, 87;
Barney to be removed, 87;
influence lessened, 89, 90;
beaten in Rep. state con., 1864, 91;
favours nomination of Grant, 93;
fickle support of the Vice President, 94;
Lincoln ignores his wishes, 97;
writes Seward of hopeless outlook, 1864, 104;
fails to defeat Greeley, 1864, 117;
supports Johnson, 130;
manages Saratoga con., 1866, 144;
also Philadelphia con., 1866, 144;
favours Dix for gov., 1866, 155;
surprised by Pierrepont's change, 159;
supports Hoffman, 1866, 161;
complains of President's action, 162;
favours Grant, 1868, 190;
opposes Fenton, 1869, 192;
influence of his absence, 222;
declines to head electoral ticket, 1872, 296;
suggests name of Douglass, 296, note;
favours greenbacks, 390;
fails to attend Rep. state con., 1878, because of feebleness, 412.

Wendell, Nathan D., nominated for state treas., iii. 416;
elected, 427.

West, DeWitt C., strong supporter of Tam., iii. 383.

Wheaton, Henry, supports Adams, 1824, i. 324;
gifts and career of, 324-5;
edited National Advocate, 324;
leader in People's party, 324;
Clinton's dislike of, 330, note.

Wheeler, William A., career and character, iii. 335;
nominated for Vice President, 1876, 335-6;
declared elected, 350;
declined to run for ch'm. of Rep. state con., 1879, 413;
not a fighter, 413, note;
presented for U.S. senator, 1881, 467.

Whig party, formed, 1834, i. 399;
name first used, 399;
opponents of, 399;
Webster on, 401;
its first campaign, 399-401;
first state con., 401;
Seward its first candidate for gov., 401;
hot campaign, 402-4;
defeated, 404.

Without a national platform, 1840, ii. 40;
log cabin campaign, 43-5;
its humiliation, 47-54;
defeated by Clay's letter, 1844, 89;
divided into Radicals and Conservatives, 116;
elects Young gov., 120;
carries state, 1847, 127;
without platform, 1848, 138;
carries state, 1848, 143;
elects Seward U.S. senator, 145-7;
elects state officers, 1849, 150;
approves higher law speech, 153-5;
nominated Hunt for gov., 1850, 154;
Silver-Grays secede, 155;
Hunt elected, 158;
avoids slavery issue, 1851, 163-5;
loses state, 165;
Greeley on, 165-6;
Fish on, 166;
defeated, 1852, 179;
carries state, 1853, 189;
Clark nominated for gov., 199;
elected, 203;
unites with Anti-Nebraska Dems., 194;
see Rep. party.

Whig platform, 1852, Greeley on, ii. 175;
Seward on, 175.

Whigs, during Revolution, i. 24;
moderate and ultra, 24.

White, Andrew D., about Ira Harris, iii. 166;
presents Conkling's name for U.S. senator, 170;
about Seward, 213;
writes of election frauds, 1868, 215;
ch'm. Rep. state con., 1871, 258-9;
criticism of, 239-60 and note.

White, Hugh L., candidate of Southern Whigs, 1836, ii. 11.

Whitney, William C., an organiser of County Democracy, iii. 483.

Whittlesey, Frederick, editor, Rochester Republican, i. 370;
strong Anti-Mason, 370;
confidence in Weed, 375.

Wickham, William H., nominated for mayor of New York, 1874, iii. 314;
character, 314, note;
elected, 319.

Wide-awakes, marching body of young men, 1860, ii. 328;
their great number, 328.

Wilkin, James W., defeated for U.S. senator, i. 211;
result of a bargain, 211-2.

Wilkin, Samuel J., nominated for lt.-gov., ii. 80;
character and career of, 80;
defeated, 89.

Wilkinson, James, commands on Canadian border, i. 223;
career and character of, 223-4;
fails, quarrels, and retires in disgrace, 225.

Willers, Diedrich, nominated for sec. of state, 1871, iii. 273;
defeated, 275;
renominated, 1873, 308;
elected, 309.

Willet, Marinus, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
supports Burr, 1804, 138;
appointed mayor New York, 155;
army service, 155, 184-5;
removed from mayoralty, 165;
nominated for lt.-gov., 184;
defeated, 185;
opposed Jackson for President, 357;
presides at meeting, 357.

Williams, Elisha, gifts and career of, i. 207;
sneers at Van Buren, 255;
opposes Tompkins' accounts, 276;
member of constitutional con., 1821, 298;
nominated for Assembly, 1827, 358.

Williams, Robert, in Council, i. 171;
known as Judas Iscariot, 172.

Williams, William, nominated for State treasurer, 1861, iii. 24, note;
defeated, 29.

Willman, Andreas, nominated for prison insp., 1862, iii. 45, note;
defeated, 51.

Wilmot, David, ch'm. Chicago con., 1860, ii. 282.

Wilmot Proviso, supported by Preston King, ii. 102;
the issue presented, 126, note;
voted down by Whig Nat. con., 1848, 138.

Winans, Orange S., votes with Tweed, iii. 245;
unfortunate bargain, 245, note.

Wirt, William, Anti-Mason candidate for President, 1832, i. 398.

Wood, Benjamin, N.Y. News, conspicuous as an editor, iii. 420.

Wood, Fernando, ambitious to be candidate for gov., ii. 223;
character of, 323-4;
early career of, 233, note;
withdraws from Dem. state con., 249;
captures state con., 257;
a bold trick, 257;
at Charleston con., 270;
goes with South, 270;
advocates secession of New York City, 348;
Greeley on, 348-9.

Speech at Union Square meeting, iii. 6;
defeated for mayor, 1861, 30;
refused admission to Dem. state con., 1864, 101;
calls a peace con., 1864, 106;
Richmond humiliates, 106;
death of, 107.

Wood, Julius, tells Seward of Greeley's hostility, ii. 284, note.

Woodford, Stewart L., character and services, iii. 152;
his eloquence, 152;
nominated for lt.-gov., 1866, 152;
elected, 165;
suggested for gov., 1868, 193;
nominated for gov., 1870, 238;
defeated, 244;
presents Conkling's name for President, 1876, 335;
brilliant speech, 335;
New York presents him for Vice-President, 1876, 335;
defeated, 336;
work in campaign, 1878, 396;
interview with Conkling, 1880, 443;
presents Arthur for Vice-President, 1880, 444;
reappointed U.S. atty., 469.

Woodin, William B., opposes Cornell for lt.-gov., 1876, iii. 338;
at Rep. state con., 1880, 434;
advocates independence of dels., 434, 436;
agreed to support instructions of state con., 434;
appearance and character, 436;
avoids obeying instructions, 437;
severely criticised, 437.

Woodruff, Lewis B., nominated for judge of Court of Appeals, 1869, iii. 226;
defeated, 227.

Woodworth, John, defeated for Supreme Court, i. 156;
defeated for U.S. senator, 156;
removed as atty.-gen., 165;
Spencer favours restoration, 232;
opposed by Tompkins, 232.

Wool, John E., at peace congress, ii. 350.

Worth, Gorham A., banker, i. 318;
early friend of Weed, 318;
character of, 318.

Wortman, Teunis, bitter opponent of DeWitt Clinton, i. 181.

Wright, Silas, member of Albany Regency, i. 294, 384;
appointed comp., 383;
appearance and gifts of, 384;
career of, 384-5;
holder of many offices, 385;
knowledge of the tariff, 385.

In U.S. Senate, ii. 1;
writes for Argus, 2;
attitude toward slavery, 11;
re-elected to U.S. Senate, 65;
declines nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court, 73;
declines nomination for Vice-President, 73;
nominated for gov., 76-8;
compared with Fillmore, 80-1;
elected, 89;
approves constitutional con., 100;
vetoes canal appropriation, 101;
bitterness against, 114-5;
renominated for gov., 1846, 116;
refused to pardon Anti-Renters, 119;
defeated, 120;
reasons for, 121-3;
retirement to farm, 123-4;
death of, 124.

Wright, William B., candidate for judge of Court of Appeals, 1861, iii. 23, note;
elected, 29.

Wright, William W., nominated for canal com., 1861, iii. 21, note;
defeated, 29;
renominated, 1866, 159;
defeated, 165;
renominated, 1869, 226;
elected, 227.

Wyandotte constitution, see Kansas.


Yancey, William L., at Charleston con., ii. 273.

Yates, Abraham, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Yates, John Van Ness, appointed recorder at Albany, i. 179;
gifts and character, 257;
sec. of state, 321;
nephew of gov., 321;
on election of presidential electors, 325.

Yates, Joseph G., family, career, and character, i. 248-9;
founder of Union College, 249;
asked to stand for U.S. senate, 268;
on Tompkins, 279;
nominated for gov., 1822, 312-3;
opposed by Southwick, 316;
elected, 320;
nepotism and ingratitude of, 321-2;
opposes election of presidential electors, 323;
a political dodge, 325;
beaten by the Regency, 327;
revenge of, 330;
retirement of, 331.

Yates, Richard, in first constitutional con., i. 5.

Yates, Robert, member first constitutional con., i. 5;
delegate to amend Articles of Confederation, 29;
his fitness, 30;
first choice of Clinton, 30;
withdraws from con., 30;
refuses to sign Federal Constitution, 31;
in Poughkeepsie con., 33;
nominated for gov., 38;
Hamilton on nomination of, 38-9;
his character, career, and ability, 40-2;
Burr's friendship for, 43;
defeated for gov., 44;
appointed chief justice, 45;
nominated for gov., 64;
retires from Supreme Court, 68.

Young, John, member of Assembly, ii. 95;
career and character, 95-6;
gifts of, 96-7;
sudden rise to power, 96-7;
contest over fourth constitutional con., 97-101;
Seymour and, 99;
triumph of, 99-100;
carries canal appropriation, 100;
nominated for gov., 1846, 118;
Weed unfriendly to, 118;
agreed to pardon Anti-Renters, 118;
course on Mexican war, 119;
elected gov., 120;
aspirant for Vice-Presidency, 1848, 137;
loss of prestige, 139;
death of, 139.

Young, Samuel, speaker of Assembly, i. 232;
failed to become sec. of state, 233;
dislike of Clinton, 251-2;
quarrels with Van Buren, 254;
Clinton refuses to recognise, 254;
makes war on Clinton, 255;
candidate for U.S. senate, 263;
gifts and eloquence of, 265;
failed in caucus, 266-7;
number of votes received, 267;
in constitutional con., 1821, 299-310;
ambitious to be gov., 1822, 313;
bitterness over Yates' nomination, 314;
supports Clay, 1824, 324;
nominated for gov., 1824, 327;
great fight with Clinton, 332;
defeated, 333;
later career of, 333;
adheres to Jackson party, 394.

Sec. of state, ii. 52;
at Baltimore con., 72;
defeated for sec. of state, 92;
attack on Hunkers, 104;
at Utica con., 131;
death of, 157;
Greeley on, 158.

Younglove, Truman G., elected speaker of Assembly, iii. 220;
a Fenton lieutenant, 220;
fails to announce committees, 222;
becomes "a political corpse," 222;
ch'm. Lib. Rep. state con., 1872, 296.